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VET 1055 Ch 14
Seeing and Hearing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ocular system | responsible for vision |
| eyes | receptor organs for sight |
| opt/i, opt/o, optic/o, ocul/o, ophthalm/o | combining forms for eye or sight |
| extraocular | outside the eyeball |
| intraocular | inside the eyeball |
| periocular | around the eyeball |
| adnexa | accessory structures of an organ |
| stroma | supporting tissue of an organ |
| orbit | bony cavity of the skull that contains the eyeball |
| periorbita | eye socket |
| eye muscles | seven major muscles attached to each eye that make a range of movement possible (two oblique, four rectus, and the retractor bulbi |
| binocular | both eyes |
| extrinsic muscles | six muscles that attach the outside of the eyeball to the bones of the orbit |
| levator palpebrae muscles | muscles that raise the upper eyelid |
| eyelids | each eye has an upper and lower to protect the eye from injury, foreign material, and excessive light |
| blephar/o | combining form for eyelid |
| palpebra, palpebrae | another term for eyelid |
| canthus | the angle where the upper and lower eyelids meet |
| canth/o | combining form for corner of the eye |
| tarsal plate | platelike framework within the upper and lower eyelids that provides stiffness and shape |
| tars/o | combining form for edge of the eyelid |
| meibomian glands | sebaceous glands on the margins of each eyelid, also called tarsal glands |
| eyelashes | edge of each eyelid has hairlike structures called cilia, protect the eye from foreign material |
| conjunctiva | mucous membrane that lines the underside of each eyelid, forms a protective covering of the exposed surface of the eyeball when the eyelids are closed |
| conjunctiv/o | combining form for conjunctiva |
| nictitating membrane | conjunctival fold attached at the medial canthus that moves across the cornea when the lids close, also called the third eyelid, nictitans, or haws |
| lacrimal apparatus | structures that produce, store, and remove tears |
| lacrimation | condition of normal tear secretion |
| lacrim/o and dacry/o | teardrop |
| lacrimal canaliculi | ducts at the medial canthus that collect tears and drain them into the lacrimal sac |
| page 291 | for more eye structures |
| accommodation | the process of eye adjustments for seeing objects at various distances accomplished through changes in lens shape |
| refraction | process of the lens bending the light rays to help them focus on the retina (focusing) |
| convergence | simultaneous inward movement of both eyes |
| acuity | sharpness or acuteness |
| conjuntival scrape | diagnostic test using an instrument to peel cells from the conjunctiva so they can be viewed microscopically |
| electroretinography | procedure of recording the electrical activity of the retina |
| electroretinogram | record of electrical activity of the retina (ERG) |
| fluorescein dye stain | diagnostic test to detect corneal injury by placing dye on the surface of the cornea |
| goniometry | procedure to measure the drainage angle of the eye |
| menace response | diagnostic test to test vision in which movement is made toward the animal to test whether it will see movement and try to close its eyelids |
| ophthalmascope | instrument used for ophthalmoscopy |
| ophthalmoscopy | procedure used to examine the interior eye structure, may be direct of indirect |
| palpebral reflex | diagnostic test in which the eye should blink in response to touch to the medial canthus of the eye. used to make neurological assessment of cranial nerves V and VII and assess depth of anesthesia |
| pupillary light reflex | response of pupil to light; abbreviated PLR. When light is shown in the pupil, construction should take place |
| cycloplegics | cause paralysis of the ciliary muscle that may aid in dilation of the pupil and ease the pain of ciliary muscle spasms |
| mydriatics | agents that dilate the pupil |
| schirmer tear test | diagnostic test using a graded paper strip to measure tear production |
| slit lamp examination | visual testing of the cornea, lens, fluids, and membranes of the interior of the eye using a narrow beam of light |
| tonometry | procedure using an instrument to measure intraocular pressure directly |
| intraocular pressure | determined by the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force |
| amblyopia | dimness of loss of sight without detectable eye disease |
| anisocoria | condition of unequal pupil size |
| anophthalmos | without development of one or both eyes |
| aphakia | absence of the lens |
| blepharitis | inflammation of the eyelid |
| blepharoptosis | drooping of the upper lid |
| blepharospasm | rapid, involuntary contraction of the eyelid |
| blindness | inability to see |
| buphthalmos | abnormal enlargement of the eye |
| cataract | cloudiness of opacity of the lens |
| chalazion | localized swelling of the eyelid resulting from the obstruction of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid |
| conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjuntiva |
| corneal ulceration | surface depression on the cornea |
| cyclopia | congenital anomaly characterized by a single orbit |
| dacryoadenitis | inflammation of the lacrimal gland |
| dacryocystitis | inflammation of the lacrimal sac and abnormal tear drainage |
| diplopia | double vision |
| distichiasis | abnormal condition of a double row of eyelashes that usually result in conjunctival injury |
| distichia | double row of eyelashes |
| ectropion | eversion, or turning outward, of the eyelid |
| entropion | inversion, or turning inward of the eyelid |
| epiphora | excessive tear production |
| epischleritis | inflammation of the tissue of the cornea |
| exophthalmus | abnormal protrusion of the eyeball |
| floaters | particles that cast shadows on the retina suspended in the vitreous fluid |
| glaucoma | group of disorders resulting from elevated intraocular pressure |
| hordeolum | infection of one or more glands of the eyelid, also called a stye |
| hypertropia | deviation of one eye upward |
| hypopyon | pus in the anterior chamber of the eye |
| hypotropia | deviation of one eye downward |
| iritis | inflammation of the iris |
| keratitis | inflammation of the cornea |
| keratoconjunctivitis | inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva (KCS) |
| macular degeneration | condition of central vision loss |
| microphthalmia | abnormally small eyes; also called microphthalmos |
| monochromatism | lack of ability to distinguish colors, color blindness |
| nuclear schlerosis | drying out of the lens with age |
| nyctalopia | condition of inability or difficulty seeing at night, night blindness |
| nystagmus | involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eye |
| ophthalmoplegia | paralysis of eye muscles |
| panophthalmitis | inflammation of all eye structure |
| papilledema | swelling of the optic disk |
| photophobia | fear or intolerance of light |
| proptosis | displacement of the eye from the orbit |
| retinal detachment | seperation of the nervous layer of the eye from the choroid; also called detached retina |
| retinopathy | any disorder of the retina |
| schleral injection | dilation of blood vessels into the schlera |
| schleritis | inflammation of the schlera |
| strabismus | disorder in which the eyes are not directed in a parallel manner, deviation of one or both eyes |
| synechia | adhesion that binds the iris to an adjacent structure |
| uveitis | inflammation of the uvea |
| blepharectomy | surgical removal of all or part of the eyelid |
| blepharoplasty | surgical repair of the eyelid |
| blepharorrhaphy | suturing together of the eyelids, also called tarsorrhaphy |
| blepharotomy | incision of the eyelid, also called tarsotomy |
| canthectomy | surgical removal of the corner of the eyelid |
| canthoplasty | surgical repair of the palpebra fissure |
| canthotomy | incision into the corner of the eyelid |
| conjunctivoplasty | surgical repair of the conjuntiva |
| dacryocystectomy | surgical removal of the lacrimal sac |
| dacryocystotomy | incision into the lacrimal sac |
| enucleation | removal of the eyeball |
| extracapsular extraction | removal of a cataract that leaves the posterior lens capsule intact |
| goniotomy | incision into the anterior chamber angle for treatment of glaucoma |
| intracapsular extraction | cataract removal that includes the surrounding capsule |
| iridectomy | surgical removal of a portion of the iris |
| keratectomy | surgical removal of a part of the cornea |
| keratocentisis | puncture of the cornea to allow aspiration of aqueous humor |
| keratoplasty | surgical repair of the cornea |
| keratotomy | incision into the cornea |
| lacromotomy | incision into the lacrimal gland or duct |
| lensectomy | surgical removal of the lens |
| tarsectomy | surgical removal of all or part of the tarsal plate of the third eyelid |
| tarsorrhaphy | suturing together of the eyelids |
| page 298 | functions and structures of the ear |
| air conduction | sound waves enter the ear through the pinna, travel through the external auditory canal, and strike the tympanic membrane |
| bone conduction | ossicles conduct the sound waves through the middle ear |
| sensorineural conduction | stimulation of hair cells in the organ of Corti initiates a nerve impulse that is transmitted to the vestibulocochlear nerve. |
| equilibrium | state of balance |
| otoscopy | procedure used to examine the ear for parasites, irritation to the ear lining, discharge, and the integrity of the tympanic membrane |
| otoscope | the instrument used for otoscopy |
| aural hematoma | collection or mass of blood on teh outer ear |
| aural | pertaining to the ear |
| deafness | complete or partial hearing loss |
| myringitis | inflammation of the ear drum |
| otalgia | ear pain |
| otitis | inflammation of the ear; usually has a second term that describes location; |
| otitis externa | inflammation of the outer ear |
| otitis media | inflammation of the middle ear |
| otitis interna | inflammation of the inner ear |
| otomycosis | fungal infection of the ear |
| otopathy | disease of the ear |
| otopyorrhea | pus discharge from the ear |
| otorrhea | ear discharge |
| panotitis | inflammation of all ear parts |
| vertigo | sense of dizziness |
| ablation | removal of a part |
| myringectomy | surgical removal of all or part of the eardrum; also called tympanectomy |
| otoplasty | surgical repair of the ear |
Created by:
maiken
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