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Pharm-Antihistamines
Antihistamines
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Antihistamines inhibit: | Histamines |
| What is the major usage of antihistamines? | Dermatology and allergies |
| Where is histamine released from? | Mast Cells |
| What is pruritus? | Itchiness |
| What is a common allergic reaction? | pruritus |
| Other than pruritus, what are 2 other adverse reactions seen with histamine release? | hypotension and contriction of bronchioles |
| T/F - Antihistamines are anti-inflammatories. | True |
| T/F - Antihistamines counteract histamines. | False - they are a preventative and do not counteract |
| What is the major use of antihistamines in canines? | atopy (allergies) |
| T/F - Antihistamines should be the first drug of choice. | True |
| Clinical uses for antihistamines: | pruritis (itching), urticaria (hives), laminitis, motion sickness, anaphylactic shock, reverse sneexe syndrome, heaves (equine asthma), feline asthma and upper respiratory tract infections |
| The most common side effect of antihistamines is: | sedation or lethargy |
| What are some other side effects associated with antihistamine use: | CNS excitation, birth defects (teratogenicity), anti-cholinergic action, rare agranulocytosis |
| What is a major contraindication with antihistamine use? | Anticonvulsant drugs (phenobarbitol) |
| Diphenhydramine/Benadryl(R): Forms | Most common, forms include oral caps and elixirs and injectables |
| Chlorpheniramine/Chor-trimetron(R) | Common, not as effective for skin problems |
| Hydroxyzine/Atarax(R) | Causes relaxation of skeletal muscles, less side effects than classic antihistamines, tab form, some analgesic effect |
| Dimenhydrinate/Dramamine(R) | antiemetic |
| Pyrilamine Maleate/Histavet(R) | Heaves in horses, LA, Granule form |
| Pramoxine/Relief(R) | shampoos |
| Cyproheptadine | side effect: PP, not first choice of antihistamine |
Created by:
k.jamie9
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