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bio 1100 e-1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| tissues are grouped together in functional units called | organs |
| H2S is an example of | molecular formula |
| tissues are | a group of cells that serve a common function |
| the subatomic particles that play the greatest role in cellular chemical reactions are | electrons |
| organelles are | compartments within cells |
| a scientific explanation that is tentative and requires more investigation | hypothesis |
| water is a polar molecule because | oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen |
| the mass within an atom comes from | protons and neutrons |
| 12 levels of organization | atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere |
| an atom becomes an ion when | it gains or loses electrons |
| pasteur | proves theory of spontaneous regeneration is untrue |
| hydrophobic | repelled by water |
| hydrophillic | water "loving" |
| the helium atom is inert because | its outermost shell is filled with electrons |
| scientific method | observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion |
| covalent bonds | form when one atom shares its electrons with another atom |
| ionic bonds | form when one atom transfers its electrons with another atom |
| atomic number | number of protons in the nucleus |
| atomic weight | number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus |
| H | hydrogen |
| O | oxygen |
| C | carbon |
| N | nitrogen |
| Ca | calcium |
| P | phosphorous |
| K | potassium |
| S | sulfur |
| Na | sodium |
| Cl | chlorine |
| Mg | magnesium |
| I | idodine |
| Fe | iron |
| Zn | zinc |
| Cu | copper |
| Biological molecules | monosaccharide, amino acid, nucleotide |
| Macromolecules | carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids |
| pH | the measure of the degree to which a substance is acidic or basic |
| functional groups | unique chemical groups that confer special properties to an organic molecule |
| glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by | animals |
| starch, glycogen, cellulose | polysaccharides |
| DNA, RNA | nucleic acid |
| peptide bond | connects amino acids to form a chain |
| indigestiable glucose polysaccharide for humans | cellulose |
| glycogen is used to store______in the____ | glucose;liver |
| triglyceride | a lipid made of one glycerol and three fatty acids |
| phospholipids | primary component in cell membranes |
| cholesterol | lipid; keeps the fluidity of the rigidity of the cell |
| unsaturated fatty acids | have one or more double bonds between the carbons |
| every protein has a unique shape and function because | each protein has a unique sequence of amino acids |
| proteins | hormone activity, enzyme activity, serving as transport molecules, serving as structural building materials |
| nucleotides are the building blocks for | ATP, DNA, and RNA |
| Organelles | organized structures that perform a specific function |
| Prokaryotic cells | unicellular; no true nucleus; very small; bacteria and archaea |
| Eukaryotic cells | often multicellular; membrane bound nucleus; much larger; plants, fungus, and animals |
| Nucleus | contains DNA-information for protein produtction |
| Ribosomes | site of protein synthesis |
| Rough ER | "protein processing" |
| Transport vesicles | transport protein to the golgi complex |
| Golgi complex | protein modification, shipping, and sorting |
| The protein pathway | 1. Nucleus 2. Ribosomes 3. Rough ER 4. Golgi Complex 5. Plasma membrane |
| Transcription | DNA is copied onto messenger RNA (mRNA)then transfered to the ribosomes where protein synthesis continues |
| Translation | nucleotides pair with the mRNA to create the protein |
| octet rule | elements react to form compounds in such a way to put eight electrons in their outermost valence shell; 2,8,8 |
| metals lose all their valance electrons forming | cations |
| non-metals gain electrons to gain the noble gas configuration forming | anions |
| polar bonds | unequal sharing of electrons |
| non polar bonds | equal sharing of electrons |
| solutes | chemicals added to water |
| solution | chemicals and water |
| solvent | substance that gets added to water |
| diffusion | passive membrane process from a higher concentraion to a lower concentration |
| osmosis | passive movement of water into a solution where the water concentraion is lower |
Created by:
chop
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