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Equine Endocrine Dz
PPID, EMS
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Most common endocrine disorder of horses, ponies, and equids | Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction |
PPID Pathogenesis | neurodegeneration of hypothalamus --> decreased dopamine --> overproduction of pituitary hormones (POMC, ACTH --> cortisol) |
PPID Signalment | Morgans & Ponies 7-42 years |
Hirsutism | long curly hair (pathonuemonic for PPID) |
Why should you NOT test for elevated PI hormones in August-October? | Naturally elevated this time of year; Re-test in January |
Gold Standard Test for PPID | Dexamethasone Suppression Test - positive if cortisol >1 ug/dl |
Most effective PPID medication that targets the hypothalamus-pituitary axis | Pergolide mesylate - dopamine agonist |
Serotonin antagonist often used in conjunction with Pergolide to manage PPID | Cyproheptadine |
PPID medication that acts on adrenal gland to decrease cortisol production | Trilostane |
Definition of Equine Metabolic Syndrome | 1) Insulin Resistance 2) Laminitis 3) Obesity/Regional adiposity |
EMS Signalment | Ponies, Morgans, Fjords, Arabians, Peruvian Pasos, Paso Finos >5 years |
Name two tests that can be used to diagnose EMS | Resting serum insulin; Combined glucose-insulin test |
Positive Result for Combined Glucose-Insulin Test (EMS) | [blood glucose] > baseline for more than 35min; [serum insulin] >100 uU/ml at 45min |
Short-term thyroid supplement that can be used to improve insulin sensitivity and accelerate weight loss in EMS horse | Levothyroxine Therapy (Thyro L) |