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RAD 0318 Part III
Patient Care
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why is a patient questioned regarding whether they have a history of an overactive thyroid? | To determine whether an iodinated contrast agent can be administered intravenously |
| Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine provide information about a patient's: | kidney function |
| Why is it important for the technologist to note the patient's breathing, skin coloration, and overall health before the examination begins? | It will help the technologist notice signs should adverse effects occur during the scan process |
| Where is a pedal pulse felt? | Posterior ankle or top of the foot |
| What is the normal range for the respiratory rate of an adult? | 14 to 20 |
| The normal range of blood pressure is children is: | lower than adults |
| To distinguish adjacent tissues on a CT image, the tissues must: | have different densities |
| A contrast material that is of a substantially higher density than that of the surrounding structures can be referred to as a ____ agent. | positive |
| The structural property of a contrast agent regarding the number of particles in solution compared with blood is known as: | osmolality |
| The intravenous infusion of HOCM may result in: | dehydration |
| Which factors affect the viscosity of an intravenous iodinated contrast agent? 1) Iodine concentration 2) Lipid solubility 3) Total volume delivered 4) Temperature of the agent | 1 and 4 |
| Contrast reactions that are accompanied by a temporary drop in blood pressure, bronchospasms, facial edema, urticaria, and laryngeal edema are generally classified as: | moderate reactions |
| When a patient who previously reacted to HOCM is given as LOCM for a subsequent study, the risk of a repeat reaction is approximately: | 5% |
| What is the single best method of reducing the risk of idiosyncratic contrast medium reaction? | Use LOCM |
| Thhe basic functioning unit of the kidney is the: | nephron |
| After the injection of an iodinated contrast medium, patients with brain metastasis have an increased risk of: | seizures |
| What is the most common type of delayed reaction to intravascular contrast medium? | Skin reactions |
| Barium leaking into the peritoneal cavity is referred to as: | barium peritonitis |
| Given orally, compare LOCM with HOCM. | In some instances, particularly with infants, LOCM may provide significant advantages over the HOCM agents |
| What type of catheter do most manufacturers recommend be flushed with a heparinized saline solution after their use? | Closed-end CVAD catheters |
| The difference between the bolus phase, the nonequilibrium phase, and the equilibrium phase of contrast enhancement is primarily determined by the: | injection rate and scan delay |
| The arteriovenous iodine difference is calculated by: | comparing an HU measurement of the aorta to that of the inferior vena cava |
| Another name for the bolus phase of contrast enhancement is the: | arterial phase |
| When can a drip infusion technique for contrast media administration be used? | For a study of the brain when the clinical indication is suspicion of tumor |
| The volume of contrast administered is increased from 100 mL to 150 mL. The flow rate is unchanged at 3 mL/s. What can be expected? | The duration of the contrast injection is increased |
| Because of the patient's IV access, the flow rate of a contrast injection is reduced from the protocol of 4 mL/s to 2 mL/s. What other adjustments is likely to be made? | The scan delay is increased |
| What injection technique is used for most clinical applications? | A uniphasic injection in which the initial 50-mL bolus is delivered at a higher flow rate |
| What effect does a patient's cardiac output status have on contrast enhancement? | As cardiac output is reduced, there is a progressively longer delay in the time required for the contrast bolus to reach peak aortic enhancement |
| The rational use of CT involves which two key components? | Appropriate selection of patients and the minimization of the radiation dose without compromising diagnostic quality |
| Which unit universally expresses dose? | There is no consensus regarding an expression of dose, and many units have been used |
| The unit of ionizing radiation exposure in air is the: | roentgen (R) |
| The unit of absorbed dose is the: | radiation absorbed dose (rad) or gray (Gy) |
| The Systeme International d'Unites (SI) for ionizing radiation: 1) is used internationally 2) replaces the unit known as the rad 3) replaces the unit known as the rem | 1, 2, and 3 |
| The quality factor (Q) is used to: | account for the different health effects produced from different types of ionizing radiation |
| The areas of scatter into adjacent tissue are sometimes called: | tails |
| The dose to the central slice plus the dose from the scatter into nearby slices equals the: | MSAD |
| Which is now the preferred expression of radiation dose in CT dosimetry? | R |
| The relationship between mAs and dose is: | linear; the higher the mAs, the higher the dose |
| When looking at the overall radiation dose from radiologic sources, CT contributes: | a disproportionately high percentage of the total |
| The latency time for cancer induction in the dose ranges used in CT is estimated to be between: | 10-30 years |
Created by:
sspatel
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