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World Cultures 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sui Wendi | emperor of the Sui Dynasty who reunited the north and south |
| Tang Taizong | Took the throne after his dad. brilliant general, government reformer, historian and master of calligraphy. most admired emperor |
| Wu Zhao | empress who helped restore the Han system of uniform government throughout China. rebuilt bureacrucy |
| Li Bo | Greatest poet whoe spent most of his life moving from place to place |
| Kubla Khan | Genghiz grandson who toppled the Song emperor. tried to prevent the Mongols from being absorbed into the Chinese civilization |
| Marco Polo | Italian merchant who wrote about China, and Kubla Khan's royal palace. his books astonished many readers in Medieval Europe |
| Zheng He | Oversea adventurer who commanded 7 expeditions. Set up an engraved tablet listing the dates, places, and achievements of his voyages. |
| Shilla | Kingdom that united the Korean peninsula. ruled from 668-918. under this dynasty, Korea became a a tributary state. |
| Koryo | Dynasty that ruled from 918-1392. Buddhism reached its greatest influence on Korea during this Dynasty. the capital was built at Kaesong |
| Choson | Dynasty that ruled from 1392-1910. Was set up by Yin Song-gye |
| Yin Song-gye | Set up the Choson Dynasty. Reduced Buddhist influence and set up a government based upon Confucian principles |
| Sejong | Koreas most celebrated ruler. He decided to replace the complex Chinese system of writing. |
| Ring of Fire | The region that Japan lies in. The region is subject to many earthquakes and volcanoes. |
| Yamato Clan | came to dominate a corner of the largest Japanese island, Honshu. Heartland of of Japanese government. |
| Amaterasu | Sun goddesses that they claimed to have direct descent from. |
| Shinto | Worship of the forces of nature "the way of the gods" never really evolved into a international religion, but the traditions have still survived to present day |
| Shotoku | Prince of the Yamato clan who decided to learn about China directly. He sent young nobles to study in China |
| Sei Shonagon | a lady-in-wating to the empress who wrote the Pillow Book. |
| Murasaki Shikibu | Best-known Heian writer who wrote The Tale of Genji |
| Minamoto Yoritomo | A shogun who set up the Kamakura shogunate, the first of three military dynasties |
| Toyotomi Hideyoshi | Brillant general who had brought most of Japan under his control |
| Tokugawa Leyasu | Defeated his rivals to become master of Japan and three years later was named shogun. ruled Japan until 1868 |
| Zen | Buddhist sect from China that emphasized meditation and devotion to duty |
| Alexius 1 | Byzantine emperor wgie requested help from the west to stop the Seljuk turks |
| Edward 1 | English monarch who established Model Parliament |
| Innocent 3 | Pope who ruled at church's height, claimed supremacy over all rulers |
| Isabella | Spanish monarch who initiated the Reconquista |
| Joan of Arc | 17 year old peasant woman who inspired French victory |
| Otto 1 | Crowned by the pope in 962, he established the Holy Roman Empire |
| Philip 2 Augustus | French monarch who regained much of lost territory through the war |
| Philip 4 | French king who established French parliament known as the Estates General |
| Saladin | Muslim general who recaptured the Crusader States |
| Thomas Becket | Archbishop of Canterbury who became a martyr |
| Urban 2 | Pope who initiated first crusade saying, "God wills it!" |
| William | King who established a census, blended Anglo-Saxon and French cultures |
| What was a main goal of KIng John in agreeing to sign the Magna Carta | To regain the allegiance of the rebel baron |
| What was not affirmed by the signing of the Magna Carta | The king had absolute power and was not subject to the law |
| The Domesday Book was established for what purpose | To build an efficient system of tax collection |
| The Concordat of Worms was | A treaty that ended that struggle between emperors and popes over lay investiture |
| What were the Hoy Roman emperors less effective than those in England of France in creating a strong Monarchy | They were more focused on capturing Italy so the nobles took more power |
| The Holy Roman Empire claimed authority over which parts of Europe | Most of the central and eastern Europe and parts of France and Italy |
| What was the chief goal of the Crusades | To fee the Holy Land |
| Why did Pope Innocent 3 launch the Albigensian Crusade | The Albigensians wanted to purify the Church |
| What is not one of the Crusader states established after the First Crusade | Cario |
| The medieval characteristics that made the Crusades possible included greed, piety, and pugnacity but didnt include | pride |
| The Reconquista refers to | the campaign to drive the Muslims out of Spain |
| A key feature of Gothic architecture is | flying buttresses |
| Romanesque architecture included thick walls, gloomy interiors, and towers, but didnt include | large windows |
| What created a need for education in Europe during the High Middle Ages | Rulers needed government officials who could read and write |
| What city was not home to an early European university | Milan |
| What subject was not included in the traditional liberal arts curriculum | algebra |
| How did medieval cathedrals help to educate people who could not read | the featured sculptures and stained glass that portrayed biblical stories |
| Which most accurately describes womens role in medieval society | women were not allowed to attend the universities |
| what describes the Church during the late middles ages | it grew weak and divided |
| what was not one of the Three Beasts of Worldliness that block Dantes path | The Snake of jealousy and Envy |
| The religious court whose job it was to find and try heretics was called the | inquistion |
| Two important pieces of literature from the High MIddle Ages include ___ by Dante Alighieri and ___ by Chaucer | The Divine Comedy and The Canterbury Tales |
| Both __, and English professor, and __ a reformer from Bohemia, were persecuted for their attacks on church corruption | John Wycliffe and Jan Hus |
| in the 1300's and the 1400's Gothic style was applied to _, the artistic decoration of books | Illumination |
| New military technology such as the __ used by the English and the __ used by the French helped bring an end to armored knights and castles | long bow and the cannon |
| Anna Comnena | Western world's first important female historian, wrote the Alexiad |
| Genghiz Khan | Chief who united the Mongols of central Asia, began extreme absolute power |
| Justinian | Eastern Roman emperor who sought to restore the glory of Rome |
| Michael Romanov | Czar whose 300 year long dynasty was ended by revolution in 1917 |
| The Byzantine Empire preserved the cultural heritage of | Greece and Rome |
| What was true about the Byzantine economy | It was prosperous |
| What best explains why Constantinople was advantageously located | It was situated on a crossroads between Europe and Asia |
| Byzantine artists made a lasting impact in | religious art and architecture |
| What group finally conquered the Byzantine Empire | Ottoman Turks |
| Under the Ottomans, Constantinople became | a center of Muslim culture |
| Kiev was strongly influenced bu the culture of | the Byzantine empire |
| What provided a natural highway for Russians | the southern steppe |
| What kind of government did Russian rulers develop | autocracy |
| what city became the capital of Russia under the czars | Moscow |
| How did Mongol rule affect Russia's relations with Western Europe | It isolated russia from the west |
| Eastern Europe is a region of | diverse peoples and cultures |
| Jewish refugees fled to Western Europe because | Christian Europeans persecuted them |
| Poland was unlike Russian or Western Europe in | allowing nobles more power than the monarch |
| What Byzantine influences did Russian rulers not adopt | diet |
| Justinian's most significan accomplishments inclue building the __, or the Church of Holy Wisdom, and ____, a law code that had an impact far beyond the Byzantine Empire | Haiga Sophia and the Body of Civil Law |
| Two missionary brothers, _ and _, converted many of the Slavic groups to Byzantine Christianity | Cyril and Methodius |
| Because of the color of their tents, the Mongols looted, burned, and ruled Russia for 240 years which was known as the __ | Golden Horde |
| The vikings who settles among the Slavs in and around the Kiev were known as | Verangians |
| the _ were Russia's great landowning nobles | Boyars |
| Disputes of succession, peasant uprisings, and foreign invasions from 1604 to 1613 led to Russia's ____ | Time of Troubles |
| Much like the Magna Carta, the king of Hungary was forced to sign the ____, which severely limited royal power | Golden Bull of 1222 |
| in the Polish _, the vote of a single noble was enough to block the passage of law, making it hard for the government to take decisive action | diet |
| Harun al-Rashid | Caliph whose reign is considered the golden age of Abbasid dynasty |
| Muhammad al-Razi | Muslim physician who advised treat the mind well as the body |
| Omar Khayyam | Scholar and astronomer who wrote the Rubaiyat |
| Saladin | Muslim general who ousted Christian from Jerusalem in 1187 |
| Suleiman | Ottoman sultan known as the "Lawgiver" who ruled over empire's golden age |
| Before Muhammad became the prophet of Islam, he was a | merchant |
| Islam, in common with Christianity and Judaism, teaches | Charity the poor |
| The law code drawn up by Islamic scholars, based on the Quran is | The Shari'ah |
| How does Islam's law code differ from the law codes that evolved in the West | It doesnt separate religious matters from the criminal of civil law |
| What about women's status in the early years of Islam is true | Women were given spiritual equality with men |
| Which city didnt serve as a capital of the Islamic Empire | Barcelona |
| In what dynasty did caliphate succession become hereditary | Umayyad |
| Hw did the Abbasids make Islam a truly universal religion | they ended Arab dominance |
| Extensive trade in the Middle East included China, India, and the Byzantine Empire but didnt include | Africa |
| Which best describes Muslim trade | Extensive |
| Traditional Muslim art included | intricate floral patterns |
| What was not one of the new banking practices pioneered by Muslims | coins and paper money |
| A significant contribution of Islamic culture to Western Europe was | advancements in math and science |
| What did not contribute to Muslim success in India | Upper class Hindus converted to Islam in larger numbers |
| What was not among the changes Muslim rule had on India | trade declined between India and the Muslim world |
| How did Akbar the Great win the support of his Hindu subjects | he practiced a policy of toleration |
| What was not one of the social classes established to bring order to Ottoman society | Men of the Land |
| The Ottoman's and Safavids built powerful, prosperous empires by | Using new weapons such as the musket and cannon |
| Why was the Ottoman Empire outpaced by European powers | the Ottomans remained dependent on agriculture |
| _ was a form of Islamic religious belief that focused on a close personal relationship between Allah and human beings | Sufism |
| The _ is a collection of Mohammed's early sayings | Quran |
| Islam considers Muhammad, like Jesus and Moses, to be a _ | Prophet |
| The _, who believe Islamic leaders should be followers of Muhammad's example but not a religious authority, are a majority in the Muslim world | Sunni |
| The library in Baghdad where Muslims collected the works of Greek scholars is known as the | House Of Wisdom |
| Because they share a monotheistic belief in the same God, Muslims refer to Jews and Christians as | People of the Book |
| The first year of the Islamic calendar begins with the _, which marks the journey of Mohammed and his followers from Mecca to _ | Hijra, Medina |
| many in the Islamic community known as the _ see _, or struggle in God's service, as an important day | Uma, Jihad |
| Cecil Rhodes | British businessman who "discovered" present day Zimbabwe |
| Ibn Battuta | One of the most widely traveled and entertaining Muslim writers |
| Lalibela | Ethiopian ruler who had churches carved into the mountains |
| Mansa Musa | Mali emperor who converted to Islam and completed the Hajj |
| Africa's trade was spurred by its mineral resources, which included iron, copper, and diamonds, but didnt include | silver |
| Which kingdom was called the "land of gold" | Ghana |
| Gold was plentiful in Ghana, Nigeria, and Senegal, but not in | Benin |
| What West African cities was a center of learning for Muslims | Timbuktu |
| Axum prospered partly because it has a port of the | Red Sea |
| King Ezana of Axum strengthened ties with the Mediterranean world by | converting to Christianity |
| Monsoon winds aided trade between East Africa and | India |
| What kingdom were churches carved into mountains | Ethiopia |
| How did religion play a role in the decline of Axum | Religion isolated people of Axum from many of their former trading partners |
| what was not one of the East Africa trading city | Madagascar |
| By the mid-12th century, Axum became present day | Ethiopia |
| Besides controlling trade, Zimbabwe was center for | manufacturing |
| When Europeans first discovered Great Zimbabwe, they thought it was the work of the ancient | Phoenicians |
| Which practice represents adaptation to the environment | using slash-and-burn agriculture |
| what statement describes a matrilineal culture | Inheritance was traced through the mother's side |
| Art in Africa was closely tied to | religion |
| how did small clans in the African desert make a living | they gathered roots and herbs and hunted small animals |
| How were the beliefs of many village Africans similar to the beliefs of Hindus | they worshipped many gods |
| What statement is true about African art | African artists made statues and masks for religious ceremonies |
| the elders played a vital role in many African villages by | making most of the major decisions |
| What african society didnt leave behind any written records | Sofala |
| What do African's oral literature, religion, and art have in common | Encouraged a sense of community and common values |
| _ is a language that resulted from the introduction of the Hebrew religion to Axum | Geez |
| Primarily through marriage and trade, _ grew out of the blending of East African and Muslim cultures | Swahili |
| Migration led to the spread of the root language _ through the west and south africa | Bantu |
| The process of _ continues today, drying out thousands of acres of the Sahara every year | desertification |
| The _ is Africa's most populated climate zone | Savanna |
| Many families belonged to a _, or group of households who claimed a common ancestor | Lineage |
| Many African societies were _, meaning that descent was traces through the mother | matrilineal |
| A sense of community and common values was fostered in part by the ancient stories recited by a | griot |
| Africa has 5 distinct climate zones: _, _, _, _, _ | Desert, Dry woodlands, Rain forest, Savanna, Mediterranean |
| Although African music varied from one society to another, a common feature was the used of the | drums |
| Children's responsibilities were often assigned based on their __ | age groups |
| Under both the Tang and Song dynasties economy, foreign trade, and art and literature flourished but ___ did not | military strength |
| Mongol rule in China was a time of | Peace and order |
| Because of Korea's geography, most people met their need for food by | fishing |
| which of the following cultures had the greater influence on Korea | Chinese |
| What influence did Japan adopt from China | Pagoda architecture |
| Two religions that greatly influenced Korean cultures were | Buddhism and Confucianism |
| Heian women influences Japanese culture by | Producing important works of literature |
| Which statement reflects a Confucian value that influences both the tang and Song dynasties | Merchants had lower social status than peasants |
| At its greatest extent in 1294, the Mongol empire stretched from | Easter Europe to Korea |
| How was the subordinate position of women reinforced during the late Song dynasty | Women were introduced to the custom of footbinding |
| The Mongol conquest of China resulted in | Increased contact between China and the western world |
| How did Korean women lose many of their rights during the Silla dynasty | Koreans adopted Confucian ideas |
| The Tokugawa shoguns created an orderly society by | imposing central government on all of Japan |
| Unlike China, Korea had only 3 dynasties, which included Choson, Koryo, and Shilla, but did not include __ | Paekche |
| The early Japanese were prevented from uniting because of | Japan's mountainous terrain |
| What is true about the Ming dynasty | in 1433, the Ming cut off China from the rest of the world |
| Who held the real power in Japan feudal society | the shogun |
| Similar to chivalry, _ is the samurai code of values that emphasized honor and bravery ad loyalty | Bushido |
| _ were warrior lords directly below the shogun in feudal Japan | Daiymo |
| Although they remained independent, Vietnam, Tibet, and Kreoa were forced to acknowledge Chinese supremacy during the Tang dynasty and became ___ | Tributary states |
| _ was a Japanese writing system that used phonetic symbols to represent syllables | Kana |
| Korean experts developed _, and alphabet that used symbols to represent sounds of spoken Korean | Hangul |
| "The way of the gods," of _ was a local Japanese religion that worshipped forces of nature | Shinto |
| __ __, a writer in the Heian court, wrote __ __ __ __, the world's first full-length novel | Lady Murasaki, The Tale of Genji |
| The __ __ is the waterway that connects the Yangzi and Huang He rivers | Grand Canal |
| __, the Buddhist sect that emphasized meditation and devotion to duty, gained widespread acceptance among Japan's samurai class | Zen |
| Japanese theater included __ plays that were produced in Japan in the 1300's, a less refined form of drama known as a __, and puppet plays that catered to the middle class known as __ | No, Kabuki, Buhraku |
| Koreans perfected the techniques of making __, porcelain with a blue-green glaze | Celdon |
| Japan's four main islands, __, __, __, __, form a chain of islands known as an __ | Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kynusu Archpelago |
| Japan in one of the several countries in a Pacific region known as the __ __ __, which is subject to earthquakes, volcanoes, and underwater earthquakes called __ | Ring of Fire Tsunamis |
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Monticello31
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