Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
VT 2300 Exam 1
Equine Hx, PE, Vitals, Restraint, Care, Medication Administration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define restraint | imply control of an animal for procedures |
| Where are Horse's blind spots at? | Directly behind hindquarters Directly in front b/t nose and eyes |
| Handle primarily from the ___ side | Left |
| Always have control of the Horse's ____. | Head |
| When one performs procedure the restrainer stands on the _____. | same side |
| Most basic form of horse restraint. | Halters |
| Lead horses by the _____. | lead rope |
| _____ is for increasing restraint | chain shank |
| Chain shanks is attached to | right nose piece ring Right upper ring between the mandibles Under the chin |
| Proper position of a lip shank | flat against the upper gum |
| Important bout blind folds | must be quick & easy release |
| proper method for blocking vision | cupped hands Don't lay hands over eyes |
| restraint intended to discourage kicking | leg elevation |
| Oldest & most common form of restraint | Twitches |
| Twitches may release ____ into the ____ | endorphins in the brain |
| Define natural twitch | hands directly on horse |
| Define Mechanical Twitch | manmade device placed on horse |
| Do not use twitchs on | foals |
| Some horses dont like ___ twitches | ear twitches |
| Types of mechanical twitches | rope loop chain loop aluminum humane twitch |
| difference between cow and horse stocks | cow stock squeeze animals |
| Horse temp | 98.5-100 |
| horse RR | 10-15 |
| foal RR | 80-90 slows to 20-40 in 1st week or two |
| Horse HR | 28-40bpm |
| foal HR | can be 100 in first few weeks slows to 60-80 |
| location of facial artery | along medial aspect of mandible |
| Hold off for facial artery | vascular bundle |
| location of transverse facial artery | behind eye |
| location of digital arteries | proximal to collateral cartilages over proximal seasmoid bones |
| location of lateral digital artery | over lateral proximal seasamoid bone proximal to lateral collateral cartilage |
| horizontal landmarks of heart | level of shoulder and elbow joints |
| vertical landmarks of heart | caudal border of triceps |
| Listen for heart from the ___ side | left |
| Place scope _____ to listen to heart | against chest wall deep into triceps |
| landmarks for abdominal auscultation | in flank area point of hip (tuber coxae) last rib |
| define borborygmi | intestinal motility sounds |
| For GI motility listen to __ quadrants | 4 |
| GI motility 0 | no motility heard |
| GI motility +1 | hypomotility 1 every few mins |
| GI motility +2 | normal motility 1-2 every few mins |
| GI motility +3 | Hypermotility constant noise |
| normal MM color | light-dark pink |
| Blue MM = | cyanosis |
| Brick Red MM = | bacterial septicemia septic shock |
| purple gumlines along teeth | endotoxic shock |
| Yellow MM = | icterus hemolysis liver dysfunction |
| Pale MM = | anemia poor perfusion |
| reddish spots/hemorrhage MM | clotting disorder |
| size of Petechial hemorrhage | less than 1mm diameter |
| size of Ecchymotic hemorrhage | 1mm-1cm |
| size of Purpuric hemorrhage | greater than 1cm |
| MM found | gums conjunctiva mucosa of nares vulva |
| Normal CRT | less than 2.5sec |
| Dehydration/shock CRT | greater than 5-8sec |
| Skin tugor time | less than 1 sec |
| Dehydration tugor time | up to 8 seconds |
| 1 hand = __ inches | 4 |
| Pony less than ___ hands at the ____ | 14.2inches at the withers |
| weight estimates made with | weight tape |
| define withers | height at the shoulders |
| Weight tape placed at the | girth of thorax |
| Most common route of medicine | PO and parental |
| To administer PO insert syringe | near the commissure of the lips |
| Do not insert syringe PO | over incisors across interdental space |
| Nasogastric 1000lb horse max hold about | 4-5gallons |
| Nasogastric average administer ____ at one time | 1 gallon |
| Nasogastric repeat dose in urgent situations | repeat in 30-1 hr |
| Removing nasogastric tube can cause | nosebleeds Epistaxis |
| Secure nasogastric tubes in | halter |
| Max mount IM injection | 15mL |
| Possible complication with IM injection | abscesses |
| best drainage area for IM injection | semitendinosus and pectorals |
| poorest drainage area for IM injections | brachiocephalicus (neck) gluteals |
| most common site for IM | Lateral cervical |
| Landmarks for lateral cervical IM | ventral to crest of neck dorsal to jugular groove cranial to border of scapula |
| IM site contraindicated in foals | Lateral cervical sore neck = no nursing |
| Lateral cervical injection technique | Pinch skin 1st insert needle caudally -or- Beat once, twice, then stick |
| Pectoral IM max amount | 5ml |
| Pectoral IM needle length | 1-1 1/2 inches |
| Pectoral IM injection technique | stabilize pectoral muscle insert needle at 90 degree angle |
| Land marks for gluteal injection | lateral to spine caudal to tuber coxae (point of hip) Dorsal to greater trochanter of femur |
| Venous blood characteristics | dark red trickles |
| arterial blood characteristics | bright red spirts |
| IV needle length | 1 1/2 inch |
| IV needle gauge | 18-20g |
| IV site | Jugular |
| Aviod the ____ wit jugular IV | carotid artery |
| Define Anaphylaxis | life threating vaccine reaction |
| Signs of Anaphylaxis | sore muscles swelling at injection site high temp |
| Penicillin reaction | hives skin wheals |
| Length of spinal needle | 3 inch |
| Gauge of spinal needle | 18g |
| Location of CSF collection | lumbrosacral space |
| Max amount for 1000lb horse enema | 1-3gallons |
| Most common identification | natural markings |
| 6 points on animals include | 4=legs head & tail |
| Points usually described as | black or white |
| ___ is most distinguishable color | white |
| Common leg markings little to biggest | coronet pastern sock stocking |
| Common face marking | star (head spot) snip (nose spot) Stripe Blaze Bald |
| location of whorls | one on forehead b/t eyes |
| 2 forms of scars | with hair without hair |
| define chestnuts | small raised raised of cornified tissue |
| Types of Pernament ID | Lip tattoos freeze/hot brands Microchip |
| Lip tattoos located | upper labial mucosa of race horses |
| All horses born on | Jan 1st |
| Brand location | side of neck or hip |
| Define stall picking | remove soiled bedding |
| define stall stripping | removing all bedding soiled or not |
| Which wood is toxic to horses | black walnut |
| Toxic bedding cause | acute founder |
| how often should u pick hoofs | every day to every other day |
| two types of patients that require special needs | contagious recumbent leg/eye trama |
| Concerns of contagious patients | coughs carry up to 30 yards |
| Define Compartment syndrome | collapse of vessles inside muscle compartment |
| Cause of Compartment syndrome | body weight pressing on the compartments blood and lymphatic vessels |
| Define external coaptation | use of bandages splints an casts |
| define external fixation | method to repair a fracture |
| Use of external coaptation | prevent trama, contamintation, & self mutilation support and protection |
| Basis of a good bandage | padding |
| bad bandaging can cause | pressure sores pressure necrosis compromise to blood supply |
| Define Bandage bow | tendonitis of flexor tendons |
| Define cording | pressure sores/necrosis or skin and SQ tissue |
| Strangulation can cause | gangrene and sloughing of tissue |
| Do not constrict over the | coronary band |
| choice of bandage depends on | location purpose patient temperament |
| purpose of exercise bandage | additional support/protection during exersice |
| purpose of shipping bandage | support while transpo |
| Shipping bandages should cover | complete lower leg carpus/taurus to hoof include coronary band |
| purpose of bell boot | protect heels and coronary band |
| purpose of hoof bandages | protect hoof hoof wounds |
| steps in bandaging | clean wound dressing layer roll gauze securing tape vet wrap finishing layer |
| most comon bandages | distal limb bandages |
| purpose of distal limb bandages | inflammatory condtions |
| position of distal limb bandages | top of metacarpus/metatarsus below coronary band |
| __inch of padding expose at ___ and ___ for ____ bandages | 1 inch exposed at top an bottom distal limb |
| purpose of full limb bandage | carpus/tarsus upper limbs |
| Never just apply bandage to | upper limb |
| why never just apply bandage to upper limb | causes edema bandage slips off |
| Double decker bandage AKA | full limb bandage |
| 2 parts of full limb bandage | distal limb 1st upper limb second |
| Pressure sores are likely to be found where on full limb bandages? | carpal bone point of hock |
| How to relieve pressure sores with full limb bandages | extra padding relief incisions |
| purpose of splint | immovilize joint bone or tissue |
| most common limb splint | robert jones |
| Splint placement | joint about and joint bellow |
| foot cast encases | entire hoof proximal b/t coronary band an fetlock |
| lower limb cast encases | entire hoof proximal to metacarpus/metatarsus |
| full limb cast | entire hoof below the elbow |
| tube cast | fetlock to below the elbow |
| treatment for angular limb deformities in foals | tube casts |
Created by:
LittleLette
Popular Veterinary sets