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VetMed Pharm10
Anti-Neoplastic Agents
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Phase-Specific/Selective Chemotherapeutic Agents | dependent on the percent of a cancer cell population that exists within a specific stage or phase of the cell cycle |
| Phase Non-Specific/Non-Selective Chemotherapeutic Agents | work independently of the percent of a cancer cell population that exists within a specific stage or phase of the cell cycle |
| Phase of the Cancer Cell Cycle Most Vulnerable to Most Chemo Agents | mitosis (fast-growing) |
| Alkylating Agents MOA | directly interact with nuclear DNA |
| Relative Growth Rates in Small Tumors vs. Larger/Mature Tumors | larger, more mature tumors have slower or decreased cell division |
| What are Tumor "Stem-Cell" Populations? | dividing cell populations |
| Classes of Anti-Neoplastic Agents (5) | chemotherapeutics - rapidly dividing anti-hormone agents - palliative radiation therapy nuclear therapy immune modulating agents - enhance immune system |
| Multi-Modal Therapeutic Strategies | regiments for the management of cancer that commonly employ drugs + adjunct therapy (biotherapeutics, hyperthermia, immune-modulating agents, radiotherapy, cryotherapy, surgery) |
| Alkylating Agents MOA | form covalent bond with nucleotides within nucleic acid strands |
| Anti-metabolites MOA | inhibit biochemical activity of key enzymes involved in synthesis of nucleic acid strands |
| Immune Modulating Agents MOA | IL-2: enhances cytotoxic activity of tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes Cimetidine: enhances cell-mediated immunity Lavamisol: tx's leukemias/granulomatous dz, enhances recovery |
| Hormonal/Anti-hormonals MOA | inhibits steroid hormone synthesis |
| Immunoglobulins MOA | selectively target tumor-specific antigens or receptor complexes |
| NSAIDs MOA | inhibit PGE production, tumor-derived COX-2 |
| Tumor-Derived COX-2 Actions | block dendritic cell function block CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell proliferation and function |
| Mechanisms of Chemotherapeutic Resistance | pharmacokinetic-based resistance cellular kinetic resistance genetic and biochemical resistance multi-drug resistance |
| Define Cure | total elimination of a neoplastic disease state |
| Define Remission | clinical signs of disease can not be appreciated but microscopic evidence of cancer still exists |
| Define Palliative Cancer Therapy | treatment to reduce severity of clinical signs and patient discomfort |
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