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PHED 3000 - Exam One
Wellness Integration for the Elementary Teacher (Exam One, Chapters 1 - 5)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the six dimensions of health? | physical, intellectual, emotional, social, spiritual and environmental |
| Physical Health Dimension | well being of the body |
| What is the most visible dimension of health? | physical |
| Intellectual Health Dimension | ability to interpret, analyze and act on information |
| Emotional Health Dimension | feelings and how they are expressed |
| Social Health Dimension | ability to navigate social environments while maintaining healthy relationships |
| Spiritual Health Dimension | ability to deal with day-to-day life in a manner that leads to realizing one's fullest potential |
| Environmental Health Dimension | preventing and controlling diseases/injuries related between people and their environment |
| What are three ancient civilizations discussed in relation to health? | egyptians, greeks and romans |
| Who were considered the healthiest people of their time? | egyptians |
| Ancient greeks were the first to ____. | place almost as much emphasis on disease prevention as they did treatment and control |
| Balance between what three aspects were focused on by the ancient greeks? | physical, spiritual and mental |
| Hippocrates | greek physician; father of medicine |
| Hippocrates stated health results from ____ and illness results from ____. | balance ; imbalance |
| What civilization was the first to build hospitals? | romans |
| Romans built what that ended up playing a role in their downfall? | aqueducts (they were lined with lead) |
| What are some aspects of the Middle Ages? | political and social unrest, many healthcare advancements were lost, great epidemics of communicable diseases |
| What are some aspects of the Renaissance? | time of exploration and trade, anatomy was studied systematically, public health was not substantially improved |
| What are some aspects of the Age of Enlightenment? | revolution and industrialization, age of growth, living conditions worsened |
| Edward Jenner | discovered a vaccine to smallpox in 1798 |
| What is the smallpox vaccination made from? | the cowpox virus |
| What was the initial solution to smallpox? | variolation (injecting people with smallpox) |
| Health Disparities | factors that influence and are preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury and violence |
| What are the 6 determinants of health? | policy making, social factors, health services, individual behaviors, biology/genetics and environmental conditions |
| Health | state of mental, physical and social well being |
| What is the goal of physical health? | to get through daily activities without fatigue |
| What is optimal physical health met through? | exercise and good eating habits |
| What is one aspect of spiritual health commonly thought of? | religion |
| What are the three values of spiritual health? | trust, honesty and integrity |
| Environmental hazards are to blame for how much of all disease? | one-fourth |
| What is the leading environmental cause of cancer deaths? | air pollution |
| Book of Leviticus | one of the first written hygenic codes |
| What was health like in the 18th century? | conditions were deplorable due to overcrowding, poverty and filth, people quarantined to stop the spread of communicable diseases |
| Edward Wigglesworth | created the first tables measuring life expectancy |
| What was the life expectancy in the 18th century? | 28.15 years |
| What was health like in the 19th century? | industrialization worsened issues, life expectancy decreased |
| Louis Pasteur | father of immunization, invented pasteurization |
| Pasteurization | heating raw milk to kill microorganisms |
| What was the miasma phase? | when people believed inhaling poisonous vapors from rotting filth caused disease |
| What big discovery occurred in the 19th century? | a specific organism (bacteria and viruses) cause a specific disease |
| What was health like in the 20th century? | focus shifted to chronic diseases (not contagious), health ws defined as longetivity and quality of life, antibiotics were introduced |
| In the 21st century, we are less likely to die from diseases and more likely to die from ___, ___ or ___. | accidents; inherited anomalies; intentional injuries |
| What are the top 3 leading causes of death among American adults? | heart disease, cancer and accidents |
| What are the top 3 leading causes of death among American children? | unintentional injuries, cancer and intentional self-harm |
| What three things are health disparities related to? | unequal distribution of resources, education and poverty |
| Health Determinants | personal, social, economic and environmental factors that determine health status |
| What are the 3 main segments of the brain? | hindbrain, midbrain and forebrain |
| What is the forebrain made of? | cerebral cortex and limbic system |
| Prefrontal Cortex | in cerebral cortex; manages reasoning and login, suppresses impulses, determines good from bad and identifies consequences |
| When does the prefrontal cortex mature? | early adulthood |
| Amygdala | limbic system; associated with emotions, impulse control and aggression |
| When and why does brain maturation occur? | adolescence ; because of a surge of hormones |
| What 3 hormones are released during adolesence? | dopamine, serotonin and melatonin |
| Dopamine | responsible for emotional response and the ability to experience pleasure and pain |
| Serotonin | plays a role in mood, anxiety and feelings of calm and relaxation |
| Melatonin | regulates the sleep-wake cycle |
| When is the first rapid physical growth in children? | 0 to 5 |
| What age do girls grow between? | 9 and 14 |
| What age do boys grow between? | 11 and 16 |
| What age are boys slightly stronger than girls? (in reference to muscular growth) | 5 and 12 |
| Body Composition | relative amount of body mass that is lean or fat |
| Overweight children have a ___ chance of becoming overweight adults. | 70% |
| What stimulates healthy/the best bone growth? | weight-bearing physical activity |
| What are the 3 growth patterns of motor development? | cephalocaudal, proximodistal and general to specific |
| Cephalocaudal | head to foot |
| Proximodistal | midline to extremeties |
| General to Specific (growth pattern) | gross to fine motor |
| Somatotypes | 3 main body types |
| What are the 3 somatotypes? | mesomorph, ectomorph and endomorph |
| Mesomorph | child with a lot of muscle |
| Extomorph | child who's extremely thin |
| Endomorph | child who's soft with a round abdomen |
| What 5 factors may affect learning? | personal, social, economic, environmental and mental |
| What is Howard Gardner's theory? | theory of multiple intelligences |
| Physical activity is a stimulus for ___ ____. (skeletal growth) | bone mineralization |
| Bone Mineralization | deposition of minerals important to the density and strength of bones |
| Theory of Multiple Intelligences | there are 8 learning styles of students, which are all intertwined |
| What are the 4 seating options? | cluster, U-shaped, half-circle and circular |
| Spatial Structure | how students are seated, where they are in relation to one another, the atmosphere and how students move around the room |
| How has technology affected the way students learn? | they do not think linearly ; they jump around to piece together information |
| What type of approach do students prefer? | lateral (learning from each other, the internet and themselves) |
| Health Behavior | choices people make that influence health status |
| Self-Efficiacy | one's own ability to complete tasks and reach goals |
| Social Cognitive Theory | learning occurs in a social setting; much of what's learned is through observation |
| Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change | categorize a person by stage based on readiness to change a particular behavior |
| What are the 6 stages of Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change? | precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance and termination |
| Theory of Planned Behavior | predict how attitudes about a behavior affect the intention to engage in that behavior |
| Health Belief Model | psychological model that seeks to explain and predict health behaviors by focusing on people's attitudes and beliefs |
| What are the 6 beliefs related to the Health Belief Model? | perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action and self-efficacy |
Created by:
haileyjordan91
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