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Histology CNS
Central Nervous System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Afferent somatic nervous system. | Signal from sensory neurons going to the CNS. |
| Efferent somatic nervous system. | Signal exiting the CNS going to skeletal muscle. |
| What are the functions of neurons (nerve cells)? | To conduct an action potential. |
| What cells are responsible for aiding in neuron function? | Glial cells (neuroglial), do not conduct action potential. |
| What are the fundamental structural and functional unit of the nervous system? | Neurons |
| True or False: Plasma membrane of neurons are capable of conducting action potential. | True |
| Types of nueron connections | 1) with other neurons 2) effector organs 3) with sensory structures |
| Structures of the neuron | cytoplasmic processes: 1) axons 2) dendrites |
| Axon hillock | show low amount of intracellular cells in immunohistochemistry (less basophilic) |
| Function of dendrites: | increase the surface area for cell to cell contacts |
| Multipolar neurons | most neurons = 1 axon + large # of dendrites |
| Bipolar neurons | 1 axon + 1 dendrite |
| Location of bipolar neurons | retina, vestibulochochlear n., olfactory |
| psuedo-unipolar neurons | 1 axon + 1 dendrite + short cytoplasmic stalk |
| location of psuedo-unipolar neurons | afferent sensory neurons with cell bodies in spinal cord, cranial ganglion |
| Satellite cells | associated with cell bodies, nurture the cell body |
| Schwann cells | associated with nerve fibers |
| Myelin Sheath | during the development tightly wraps axon with schwann cell plasma membrane |
| What makes up myelin sheaths? | Lipid-rich, low ion permeability, and provides insulation |
| where do unmyelinated axons lie? | In simple invagination in schwann cell membrane |
| Where does depolarization and formation of AP occur on the axon? | Node of Ranvier |
| Saltatory conduction | the dancing of action potential down the axon, across the Nodes of Ranvier |
| Groups of nerve cells in the CNS are called? | Nuclei (pl) or nucleus (s) |
| In the CNS afferent neurons are sensory pseudo-unipolar cell bodies that are surrounded by? | Satellite cells like Schwann cells that make a fibrous capsule around the cell body that is continuous with the epineurium. |
| What are autonomic (visceral) neurons? | Preganglionic cell bodies within CNS. |
| What connections do preganglionic cell bodies form? | Connections (synapses) with the postganglionic neurons outside of the CNS. |
| What type of cells create a discontinuous layer around postganglionic cells? | satellite cells |
Created by:
Jacque1417
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