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vet 211
final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A ZOONOTIC DISEASE? | Lyme disease |
| WHEN CAN YOU TEST FOR OFA? | 2 years (24 months) of age or older |
| WHAT IS THE MEDICAL TERM FOR ITCHING? | Pruritis |
| In tact female who just finished her heat cycle and is lethargic, drinking and urinating a lot — what reproductive disease may cause this? | Pyometra |
| WHAT IS THE TEST THAT YOU WOULD PERFORM IF YOUR VETERINARIAN IS WORRIED ABOUT A CORNEAL ULCER? | Fluorescein stain |
| WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING MAY BE USED TO TREAT A PATIENT WITH CKD? | Subcutaneous fluids |
| WHAT IS THE COMMON MEDICAL TREATMENT FOR UNCOMPLICATED DIABETES MELLITUS? | Insulin |
| WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS CONSIDERED GOOD CONTROL FOR A PATIENT THAT HAS IDIOPATHIC EPILEPSY? | ;Seizures once every 3 months |
| WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BREEDS IS PREDISPOSED TO ATLANTOAXIAL SUBLUXATION? | Yorkshire Terriers |
| WHICH NEUROLOGIC DISEASE CAN CAUSE LYSIS OF VERTEBRAL END PLATES, IS EXTREMELY PAINFUL, AND SPREADS HEMATOGENOUSLY? | ;Discospondylitis |
| EXAMPLE OF EXTERNAL COAPTATION TO SUPPORT A LIMB WHEN A FRACTURE OCCURS? | Splint |
| WHICH BREED IS PRE-DISPOSED TO HIP DYSPLASIA? | German Shepherd Dog |
| WHAT IS THE MEDICAL TERM FOR INCREASE IN AMOUNT OF URINATION? | Polyuria |
| TRUE OR FALSE: STRUVITE UROLITHIASIS IS COMMONLY MANAGED WITH A DIETARY CHANGE TO ALTER URINE PH AND DECREASE MINERALS? | True |
| WHICH HORMONE CAUSES DYSREGULATION OF METABOLISM? | Thyroid Hormone |
| WHICH VACCINATIONS ARE COMMONLY ASSOCIATED WITH INJECTION SITE SARCOMAS AND IN WHICH SPECIES? | Rabies Vaccine + FeLV, most common in cats |
| Coaptation | Joining or fitting parts together |
| External Coaptation | Splints, casts |
| Internal Coaptation | Intramedullary pins, bone plates |
| Bandage Management | Expose toes, keep dry, check for swelling/discharge, use padding, restrict activity |
| Patellar Luxation | Skipping gait, kicking out |
| Femur head partially/completely displaced from shallow hip socket; developmental; worsens over time; bunny-hop gait; stiffness; manage with weight control, NSAIDs, joint supplements | Hip Dysplasia |
| Femoral Head Ostectomy (FHO) | Amputation of femoral head to create false hip joint |
| Degenerative Joint Disease | Result of hip dysplasia; weight loss and moderate exercise help; surgery only cure |
| Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease | Aseptic necrosis of femoral head/neck; toy breeds; pain and chewing at hip; treat with FHO or total hip replacement |
| Osteochondrosis Dissecans | Cartilage and bone grow improperly; painful; lameness; most common in shoulder; large breed dogs; treat surgically |
| Panosteitis | Shifting leg lameness; painful on palpation; inflammation of bone marrow; German Shepherd predisposed |
| Bone Tumors | Common in large breeds (Greyhounds, Boxers, Goldens, Labs); 85–90% osteosarcoma |
| Myopathies | Inflammatory muscle disease; can be bacterial (bite wounds) or protozoal (toxoplasmosis) |
| Immune-Mediated Myopathy | Body attacks its own muscles |
| Cushing’s Disease | Bilateral alopecia, potbelly, weak abdominal muscles, infections (skin/UTI), high ALP, proteinuria |
| Diagnosis for Cushing’s Disease | Low dose dexamethasone suppression test; ACTH stim test; abdominal ultrasound |
| Treatment for Cushing’s Disease | Trilostane (Vetoryl) inhibits cortisol; Mitotane (Lysodren) destroys adrenal cortex |
| Addison’s Disease | Adrenal glands fail to produce cortisol/aldosterone; lethargy, vomiting, diarrhea, collapse, low BP |
| Clinical Signs of Addison’s | Young to middle-aged females; vomiting, diarrhea, ADR, low Na+, high K+ |
| Treatment for Addison’s | Prednisone or dexamethasone, fluid therapy, adjust dose during stress |
| Feline Cystitis | Unknown cause, stress-related; blood in urine; no stones; self-limiting; straining and frequent urination |
| Treatment for Feline Cystitis | No antibiotics unless bacterial; diet change; reduce stress; meds like Phenoxybenzamine or Prazosin |
| Canine Cystitis | More common in females; ascending infection; treat with antibiotics |
| Urolithiasis;Stones in urinary tract | struvite (alkaline) vs calcium oxalate (acidic); manage with diet/surgery |
| Urinary Tract Obstruction | Small stones block outflow; azotemia (↑BUN/creatinine) |
| Acute Kidney Injury/Failure | Causes: antifreeze, hypercalcemia, NSAIDs, lilies (cats), raisins, shock, leptospirosis |
| Diet for Chronic Renal Failure | Low phosphorus; wet food preferred; encourage hydration |
| Pseudopregnancy | Occurs 6–12 weeks after heat; behaves pregnant; lasts 1–3 weeks |
| Pyometra;Emergency | intact female; ↑ drinking/urination; uterus infection; leukocytosis; seen on ultrasound |
| Dystocia | Labor >4 hours with no birth or >1 hour between births |
| Prostatitis | Fever, straining, abdominal pain; treat with neutering + antibiotics |
| Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia | Intact males; tenesmus; non-painful prostate enlargement |
| Mammary Tumors | Common in intact females; biopsy to confirm; usually benign in dogs, malignant in cats; surgery or chemo |
| Mange;Demodectic, sarcoptic, notoedric | mites cause itching/inflammation; diagnosed via skin scrape |
| Demodectic Mange | Demodex canis; not contagious; localized hair loss; immune-related |
| Sarcoptic Mange | Zoonotic; highly contagious; intensely itchy; deep skin scrape; pedal-pinna reflex |
| Cuterebra (Warble) | Larva under skin; swelling; remove gently under anesthesia |
| Fly Maggots | Infest wounds; clean, flush, remove manually; treat with Capstar |
| Fleas | Feed on blood; flea dirt = digested blood; cause pruritis, anemia; common at tail base |
| Dermatophytes (Ringworm) | Fungal skin infection; zoonotic; grows in hair shafts; diagnosed by culture |
| Ringworm Species | Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis |
| Superficial Pyoderma | “Hot spots”; itchy, secondary infection; impetigo/acne/skin fold dermatitis |
| Deep Pyoderma | Usually Staph intermedius; pustules, crusting; culture for correct antibiotic |
| Benign Tumors | Histiocytomas, lipomas, papillomas, sebaceous cysts, anal sac adenoma |
| Malignant Tumors | Basal cell carcinoma, fibrosarcoma, mast cell tumor, melanoma, anal sac adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma |
| Mast Cell Tumor | Lesions that swell; give antihistamines before biopsy |
| Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Fast-growing, locally invasive; face/oral; common in cats |
| Feline Fibrosarcoma | Linked to rabies and FeLV vaccines; firm swelling at injection site |
| Conjunctivitis | Infectious in cats (herpesvirus); non-infectious in dogs (allergy/immune) |
| Epiphora | Excessive tearing |
| Trichiasis | Hair touches cornea |
| Entropion | Eyelid rolls inward; breeds: Collie, Chow, Rottweiler; needs surgery |
| Distichia | Extra eyelash grows behind normal line; irritates cornea |
| Ectopic Cilia | Eyelash grows from underside of eyelid |
| Cherry Eye (Hypertrophy of Nictitans Gland) | 3rd eyelid gland prolapse; young dogs; surgically replace, not remove |
| Glaucoma | ↑ intraocular pressure from poor fluid drainage; measured with tonometry; managed, not cured |
| Uveitis | inflammation of uvea (iris, ciliary body, choroid); painful, red eye |
| Test for Vision | Menace response |
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