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Vet 116
Final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| AVMA stance on animal welfare | Good animal welfare requires disease prevention and treatment, responsible care, proper housing, management, nutrition, humane handling, and—when necessary—humane euthanasia. |
| Five Freedoms | Freedom from hunger and thirst; Freedom from discomfort; Freedom from pain, injury, or disease; Freedom to express normal behavior; Freedom from fear and distress |
| Gestation (Dogs) | 63 days; breed differences in behavior and parturition complications; larger breeds may be prone to dystocia |
| Gestation (Cats) | ~63-67 days; cats often do not move during parturition unless disturbed |
| Socialization Period (Dogs) | 3-14 weeks; lack of socialization can result in fear, aggression, difficulty adapting |
| Socialization Period (Cats) | 2-7 weeks; poor socialization can lead to fearfulness and aggression |
| Cat Temperament | Determined by genetics, early handling, and socialization experiences |
| Height Measurement (Horse) | Withers |
| Race Horse Birthdays | January 1st (Northern Hemisphere), August 1st (Southern Hemisphere) |
| Mare | Adult female horse (>4 years) |
| Filly | Young female horse |
| Colt | Young male horse |
| Stallion | Intact male horse (>4 years) |
| Gelding | Castrated male horse |
| Stud (Horse) | Male horse used for breeding |
| Mule | Cross of a male donkey and female horse (infertile) |
| Hand | Unit used to measure height of a horse at the withers; 4 inches |
| Hot-blooded Horses | Arabian, Thoroughbred; light build, spirited |
| Cold-blooded Horses | Larger, gentler; bred for work |
| Warm-blooded Horses | Medium size; riding horses |
| Horse Colors Bay | Brown body, black tail, mane, legs |
| Horse Colors Chestnut | Red body, dark red/brown mane & tail |
| Horse Colors Sorrel | Red body, dark red/brown mane & tail (Quarter Horses) |
| Horse Colors Buckskin | Tan body, black mane, tail, legs |
| Horse Colors - Palomino | Golden body, white mane and tail |
| Horse Colors - Gray | Born dark, lighten with age, some turn white |
| Horse Colors - Appaloosa | Various patterns including leopard, blanket, snowflake |
| Horse Colors - Roan | Solid coat with white hairs dispersed |
| Horse Colors - Pinto/Paint | Solid body with large white blocks or spots |
| Signs of Pain (Horses) | Changes in appetite, lameness, colic signs, reluctance to move, increased respiratory rate |
| Signs of Pain (Ruminants) | Decreased rumination, abnormal posture, isolation, changes in appetite/milk, lameness |
| Dual Purpose Animals bred for two primary uses | meat & milk |
| Ruminants | Cattle, sheep, goats, camelids |
| Equine | Horse |
| Swine | Pig |
| Bovine | Cattle |
| Toggenburg Goat | Milk, Swiss Alps |
| Alpine Goat | Milk, French Alps |
| Boer Goat South | Meat, africa |
| Saanen Goat | Milk, swiss |
| Pygmy Goat | West Africa; Pet/cuteness |
| Angora Goat | Asia Minor; Fleece (mohair) |
| LaMancha Goat | USA; Milk |
| Nubian Goat | England; Milk, meat, hide |
| Gestation Period (Sheep) | 148 days |
| Lambing | The act of giving birth in sheep |
| Gestation Period (Goat) | 150 days |
| Kidding | Giving birth to goats |
| Gestation Period (Pig) | 114 days |
| Farrow | The act of birthing in pigs |
| Giving Birth (Llama) | Act of giving birth |
| Cria | Young camelid from birth to weaning |
| Weanling | Young camelid from weaning to 1 year of age |
| Yearling | Young camelid between 1 and 2 years |
| Puberty Period (Sheep/Goats) | 6-8 months |
| Puberty Period (Camelids) | 12-24 months |
| Puberty Period (Swine) | 6 months |
| Swine Behavior | Intelligent, learn from experience, collaborative, omnivorous, communal |
| Swine Hierarchy | Dominant sows/boars, litter & teat rank established early |
| Swine Communication | Olfactory, visual, vocal (20+ vocalizations) |
| Swine Behavioral Problems | Aggression, tail biting, cannibalism, piglet crushing; managed with enrichment, space, hiding spots |
| Swine Stereotypical Behaviors | Polydipsia, bar biting, nose rubbing (boredom-related) |
| Reproductive Problems (Swine) | Poor libido in boars, reproductive failure in gilts, refusal to nurse |
| Horse Communication | Body language, vocalizations, pheromones |
| Horse Reproduction | Live cover for Thoroughbreds, AI common otherwise |
| Normal Equine Behavior | Herd animals, anxious when isolated, dominant mares lead, grazing behavior |
| Goat Behavior | Docile but assertive, friendly, affectionate, escape artists, efficient grazers, dominant female leads herd |
| Fighting Teeth (Llamas) | Used in aggressive encounters, trimmed/filed if necessary |
| Berserk Male Llama Syndrome | Result of imprinting on humans, dangerous behaviors; may need euthanasia |
| Reproduction (Llamas) | Cria (birth to weaning), weanling (weaning to 1 yr), yearling (1-2 yrs) |
| Mastitis | Inflammation of mammary gland; bacterial infection; treat with antibiotics & anti-inflammatories; prevent with clean milking, teat disinfection |
| California Mastitis Test | Detects subclinical mastitis by measuring somatic cell count in milk samples |
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