Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Sm Animal Quiz 7
Lecture 14: Parasitic Diseases
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| whipworms | Trichuris vulpis; parasite of the large intestine and cecum, more prevalent in canines; causes the most significant disease when the animal has a heavy worm burden (bloody diarrhea, weight loss, debilitation) |
| whipworms TRANSMISSION | fecal/oral, eggs can survive in the environment for up to 5 years; rate of reinfection high due to long survival time of eggs in environment |
| whipworms DIAGNOSIS | fecal flotation, but fecal antigen is more accurate as eggs do not float well |
| whipworms TREATMENT | Fenbendazole, prazantiquel/pyrantel pamoate/febantel (Drontal), HW preventatives labeled for whipworms (interceptor Plus, Sentinel/Sentinel Specturm, Trifexis, Advantage Multi) |
| hookworms | Ancylostoma species, latch onto lining of GI tract via hooked mouthparts and feed on blood; can cause coughing as they can migrate through the body in muscle tissue to trachea |
| hookworms TRANSMISSION | fecal/oral, through skin, transmammary |
| hookworms SYMPTOMS | GI upset (vomiting, diarrhea), weight loss, coughing, anemia (worse in younger animals) |
| hookworms DIAGNOSIS | easily found in fecal floats, antigen testing available |
| hookworms TREATMENT | anthelmintics (dewormer), HW preventatives, cleaning environment |
| how to prevent ZOONOTIC transmission of HOOKWORMS | basic hygiene (hand washing), best to deworm all puppies/kittens, maintain on HW prevention |
| coccidiosis | Isospora species; PROTOZOA, finish life cycle by burrowing in lining of intestinal tract (most pts asymptomatic, younger and older/debilitated animals susceptible) |
| coccidiosis TRANSMISSION | ingestion of oocysts; fecal/oral, ingestion of contaminated soil, often in crowded environments |
| coccidiosis SYMPTOMS | diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain |
| coccidiosis DIAGNOSIS | fecal float, much smaller than other parasites |
| coccidiosis TREATMENT | if positive but asymptomatic, Tx may not be necessary; Sulfa antibiotics, Ponazuril, sterilize environment |
| giardia | Giardia species, PROTOZOA, 'beaver fever'; can be ZOONOTIC |
| giardia TRANSMISSION | ingestion of cysts; eating/sniffing contaminated soil, dinking contaminated water |
| giardia SYMPTOMS | watery, foul-smelling diarrhea, stool can contain blood or mucous, may be asymptomatic |
| giardia DIAGNOSIS | antigen test, routine floats do not usually detect Giardia |
| giardia TREATMENT | often difficult to resolve; fenbendazole, metronidazole (combo of two), febantel/pyrantel/praziquantel (Drontal) |
| sarcoptic mange | Sarcoptes scabiei, mite that burrows under skin; HIGHLY ZOONOTIC, easily transmitted to humans/other animals |
| sarcoptic mange SYMPTOMS | any age affected, intense pruritus, crusting, alopecia, erythema, distribution on ventral abdomen, chest, elbows, hocks, ears |
| sarcoptic mange DIAGNOSIS | SUPERFICIAL SKIN SCRAPE, negative does not rule out as they are difficult to find on scrape |
| sarcoptic mange TREATMENT | topicals (Revolution, Advantage Multi, feline Bravecto), dips (lime sulfur, Amitraz), oral medication (HW preventions, K9 Bravecto), must treat ALL animals in the house |
| demodectic mange | Demodex canis, part of normal skin flora and does not usually cause illness; complex disease w/ many factors (breed/genetics, immunosuppression), NOT CONTAGIOUS OR ZOONTOIC |
| localized demodicosis | under 1 year old, under five lesions on skin, resolve spontaneously without treatment, absent or mild pruritus |
| juvenile-onset generalized demodicosis | < 1 year old with generalized lesions over most of body, complicated by severe secondary infections, pododermatitis, generalized disease w/ fever, LN enlargement |
| adult-onset generalized demodicosis | same as juvenile onset, usually an indicator of underlying severe disease (cancer), poorest prognosis |
| demodectic mange DIAGNOSIS | DEEP SKIN SCRAPE for evidence of mite |
| demodectic mange localized TREATMENT | none |
| demodectic mange juvenile onset TREATEMENT | topicals (Bravecto, Advantage Multi), orals (flea and tick preventatives), dips (time consuming) |
| demodectic mange adult onset TREATMENT | find underlying disease |
| demodectic mange TREATMENT | treat secondary infections (oral/injectable antibiotics), control pruritus (NO STEROIDS/APOQUEL, antihistamines, cytopoint), treat underlying disease; may take months |
| ear mites | Otodectes cynotis, mostly in kittens, causes OTITIS EXTERNA, can transmit from one cat to another |
| ear mites SYMPTOMS | thick debris in ears, pruritic ears, ear droop/head tilt, shaking head |
| ear mites DIAGNOSIS | presence of mites on ear swab |
| ear mites TREATMENT | ear cleansing, topical medications (Revolution, Advantage Multi), otic medication (Milbemite -> milbemycin), treat all felines in household |
| walking dandruff | Cheyletiella species, affects canines and felines |
| walking dandruff SYMPTOMS | scaling on dorsum, pruritus, cats present w/ miliary crusting |
| walking dandruff DIAGNOSIS | presence of mites via TAPE TEST |
| walking dandruff TREATMENT | topical flea/tick preventions |
Created by:
mkroon26
Popular Veterinary sets