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Sm Animal Quiz 1
Lecture 1: Public Health
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| infectious disease | caused by agent or organism that impairs health |
| endemic | term for a disease that is found regularly or naturally in an area or population |
| pandemic | occurrence of an infectious disease in the entire country or world |
| emerging disease | infectious disease that has newly appeared in a population OR a known disease that is rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range |
| foreign animal disease (FAD) | disease or pest not known to exist in the US or it's territories |
| reportable disease | required by law to be reported to government authorities |
| vector-borne disease | spread by bite of an infected arthropod (mosquito, tick, blackflies, etc) |
| zoonotic disease | infectious disease that is transmitted from animals and humans or vice versa |
| One Health Initiative | health of people, animals, and plants are all interconnected; most emerging and infectious diseases are coming from animals |
| Emerging Diseases | 70% of emerging diseases are ZOONOTIC; veterinarians are often frontline defenders |
| FAD | control and prevent the spread of these diseases, decrease economic cost of disease |
| Nipah virus CAUSED BY | Henipavirus |
| Nipah virus TRANSMISSION | direct contact with infected bats or pigs |
| Nipah virus SYMPTOMS | fever, headache, drowsiness, mental confusion, possible encephalitis |
| Nipah virus ENDEMIC | Southeast Asia |
| Hendra virus CAUSED BY | Henipavirus |
| Hendra virus TRANSMISSION | direct contact with infected bats (flying foxes or horses) |
| Hendra virus SYMPTOMS | respiratory illness, flu-like symptoms, possible encephalitis |
| Hendra virus ENDEMIC | Southeast Asia and Northern Australia |
| Rift Valley Fever CAUSED BY | Rift Valley Fever virus |
| RVF TRANSMISSION | direct contact with infected blood/body fluids/tissues (livestock: cattle, sheep, goats, buffalo, camels) |
| RVF SYMPTOMS | mostly mild, severe symptoms (ocular disease, possible encephalitis, hemorrhagic fever) |
| African Animal Trypanosomiasis CAUSED BY | parasite Trypanosoma (sleeping sickness) |
| AAT SYMPTOMS | affects all vertebrae with fever, weakness, lethargy, weight loss, anemia |
| AAT TRANSMISSION | bites from infected Tsetse flies |
| Surra CAUSED BY | Trypanosoma parasite |
| Surra TRANSMISSION | bites from infected Tabanus flies |
| Surra SYMPTOMS | fever, weakness, lethargy, weight loss, anemia, can be fatal |
| Surra ENDEMIC | Africa, Middle East, Asia, Central America, South America |
| Louping Ill CAUSED BY | Louping Ill virus (type of flavivirus) |
| Louping Ill TRANSMISSION | bites from infected Ixodes ricinus ticks |
| Louping Ill SYMPTOMS | varying degrees of neurologic dysfunction, sudden death, residual sings may persist (immune for life once recovered) |
| Louping Ill ENDEMIC | British Isles |
| Heartwater CAUSED BY | Rickestssia parasite (think LYME) |
| Heartwater TRANSMISSION | bites from infected Amblyomma ticks |
| Heartwater SYMPTOMS | acute disease, usually fatal within a week of signs, high fever, neurologic, seizure-like episode right before death |
| Heartwater ENDEMIC | Sub-Saharan Africa, some Caribbean Islands |
| New World Screwworm | parasite of warm-blooded animals; feeds on LIVING flesh of animals |
Created by:
mkroon26
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