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ANSC2033 breeds/anat
animal/carcass eval - external anatomy and breeds of swine, sheep, cattle
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| English (maternal) cattle breeds | ∙ Angus ∙ Red Angus ∙ Hereford ∙ Shorthorn |
| Continental (terminal) cattle breeds | ∙ Charolais ∙ Gelbvieh ∙ Limousin ∙ Simmental |
| heat tolerant cattle breeds (subtropically adapted) | ∙ Brahman ∙ Senepol ∙ Longhorn |
| composite cattle breeds | ∙ Brangus ∙ Braford ∙ Beefmaster ∙ Santa Gertrudis |
| Angus cattle | ∙ originated in Scotland ∙ black in color ∙ most prominent beef breed in USA ∙ popular for carcass and maternal traits |
| Certified Angus Beef | ∙ cattle must be at least 51% black in color and must exhibit 'Angus influence' ∙ in the top third of USDA's quality grade - prime or upper 2/3 of choice ∙ must meet 10 total criteria |
| Hereford cattle | ∙ originated in Europe ∙ red in color with white points on face and limbs ∙ popular for survivability and crossbreeding (carcass traits) ∙ polled Hereford and horned Hereford |
| Black Baldy cattle | ∙ Hereford x Angus cross ∙ color: black with white (bald) face |
| Red Angus cattle | ∙ similar to Angus but separate breed association ∙ color: red |
| Shorthorn cattle | ∙ originated in England ∙ color: red, white, red/white combo, red roan ∙ popular for maternal and carcass qualities ∙ developed as dual purpose breed |
| Charolais cattle | ∙ originated in France ∙ color: light tan, cream, white ∙ popular for growth and carcass characteristics |
| Gelbvieh cattle | ∙ originated in Germany ∙ color: ranges from golden to rust to black ∙ popular for growth and maternal traits |
| Limousin cattle | ∙ originated in France ∙ color: ranges from red to black ∙ popular for growth traits |
| Simmental cattle | ∙ originated in Switzerland ∙ color: tan/red and white, solid tan/red/white; all have bald face ∙ popular for growth and maternal traits |
| Brahman cattle | ∙ originated in USA thru crossing several Bos indicus breeds ∙ color: gray, red, black ∙ popular for ability to thrive in harsh environments: heat, disease, and insect tolerant ∙ used in crossbreeding systems, especially southern USA |
| breeds used to develop American Brahman | ∙ three Indian Zebu breeds (Bos indicus) ∙ Nelore, Gir, Guzerat |
| Senepol cattle | ∙ originated in Virgin Islands, St. Croix ∙ color: various shades of red ∙ popular for heat tolerance, early maturation, survivability |
| Texas Longhorn cattle | ∙ originated in Spain, Mexico, USA ∙ color: multicolored, brindle, spotted patterns ∙ initially very popular for ruggedness and survivability - breed suffers from low birth weights |
| composite breed | ∙ made up of at least two component breeds with defined proportions ∙ designed to retain heterosis in future generations without crossbreeding ∙ maintained as a pure breed |
| Brangus cattle | ∙ 3/8 Brahman, 5/8 Angus ∙ originated in Iberia Research Station, Louisiana, USA ∙ color: black or red ∙ popular for maternal and carcass traits, heat tolerance |
| Braford cattle | ∙ 3/8 Brahman, 5/8 Hereford ∙ originated in USA ∙ color: red and white ∙ popular for maternal traits, heat tolerance |
| Santa Gertrudis cattle | ∙ 3/8 Brahman, 5/8 Shorthorn ∙ originated in King Ranch, Texas, USA ∙ color: red ∙ popular for heat tolerance, carcass and maternal traits |
| Beefmaster cattle | ∙ 1/2 Brahman, 1/4 Shorthorn, 1/4 Hereford ∙ originated in USA ∙ color: multicolored red, white, tan, black ∙ popular for maternal traits, heat tolerance, carcass |
| identification of pig breeds | ∙ breeds identified by body shape, color pattern, ear shape ∙ selection of breeds can impact rate of gain, litter size, meat quality, structure, feed efficiency, etc. ∙ modern producers choose from eight major swine breeds |
| maternal pig breeds | ∙ Yorkshire ∙ Landrace ∙ Chester White |
| terminal pig breeds | ∙ Hampshire ∙ Duroc ∙ Berkshire ∙ Poland China ∙ Spot |
| Yorkshire pigs | ∙ developed in York County England; imported 1830 ∙ white body, large erect ears, large and long frame ∙ noted for maternal characteristics - known as 'mother breed' for large litters, heavy milk production, excellent mothering skills |
| Landrace pigs | ∙ developed from Danish Landrace; imported 1930s ∙ white body, long snout and large floppy ears, flat dorsal side, fine boned and long frame ∙ noted for excellent mothering ability, large litters, heavy milk production |
| Chester White pigs | ∙ developed in Chester County, Pennsylvania around 1800 ∙ white body, medium floppy ears, flat dorsal side, heavy boned ∙ noted for highest conception rates compared to other pigs, quality meat, excellent mothers |
| Hampshire pigs | ∙ developed in Hampshire County, England; imported 1800, major growth 1930s ∙ black body with white strip around shoulders/front legs, erect ears ∙ noted for leanness, profitability, mothering ability; popular for hardiness, vigor, prolificacy, foraging |
| Duroc pigs | ∙ developed from New Jersey Reds ∙ red body (varies from light to dark), floppy ears ∙ noted for rapid growth with less feed, meat-type body |
| Berkshire pigs | ∙ developed in Berkshire, England; imported 1823 ∙ black body with white points, short erect ears ∙ noted for siring ability, meat quality (color, texture, marbling, pH, water holding), efficient growth and reproduction |
| Poland China pigs | ∙ developed in three counties in Ohio ∙ dark body with white points, floppy ears ∙ noted for sow breeding characteristics, lean and heavy muscle, excellent feeders, strong bones (sound thru legs and feet) |
| spot pigs | ∙ developed in Indiana ∙ black and white spotted body, floppy ears ∙ noted for feed efficiency, meat quality, excellent breeders |
Created by:
junoreg
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