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FINAL EXAM PART 1
Vet Science Final Exam P1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Brumation (reptiles) | hibernation-like state that cold-blooded animals utilize during very cold weather. |
| Ectothermic (reptiles) | cold blooded |
| Oviparous (reptiles) | egg laying, most reptiles |
| Viviparous (reptiles) | birth to live young, placenta/yolk sac |
| Ovoviviparous (reptiles) | Cross between egg laying & live birth |
| Crocodilia (reptiles) | crocodiles, alligators |
| Rynchocephalia (reptiles) | tuataras |
| Squamata (reptiles) | lizards, snakes |
| Testudines (reptiles) | turtles, tortoises |
| Venom is... (reptiles) | injected |
| Poison is... (reptiles) | inhaled, ingested, touched |
| Substrate can cause... (reptiles) | impaction |
| Stomatitis (reptiles) | infection in the mouth (mouth rot) |
| Metabolic Bone Disease (reptiles) | weakening of the bone or impaired systems function, proper diet & supplements can be used to prevent this |
| Endothermic (birds) | warm blooded |
| Birds bones are... (birds) | pneumatic (hollow) |
| How do birds get oxygen? (birds) | air sacs |
| Psittiaciformes (birds) | parrots- macaws, cockatoos, cockatiels, budgies. (hookbills) |
| Passeriformes (birds) | perching birds- canaries & finches (songbirds), largest order |
| Parrot feet are... (birds) | zygodactyl (two toes forward, two toes backward) |
| Parrot Housing Type (birds) | spacious chew proof cage w/ a lot of enrichment opportunities |
| Perching Birds Housing Type (birds) | needs a lots of flight and perch space, nesting boxes |
| Wing Clipping (birds) | only primary feathers are trimmed w/ scissors |
| Psittacosis (birds) | "parrot fever," form of chlamydia, affects respiratory system but can affect multi organ systems, fatal, zoonotic |
| Fatty Liver Disease (birds) | large amounts of fat accumulate in the liver due to over feeding |
| Knemidokoptes Mites (birds) | AKA scaly leg/face mite that can cause itching & feather loss |
| Restraint (birds) | Parrots use a towel, Smaller birds can use hands |
| Tame vs Domesticated (small mammals) | tame: animal that is tolerant of human presence, domesticated: animals that have been affected by human intervention |
| Nocturnal (small mammals) | active during the night (rats, hamsters) |
| Diurnal (small mammals) | active during the day (gerbils) |
| Crepuscular (small mammals) | active during the twilight hours (ferrets, rabbits, chinchillas, guinea pigs) |
| Altricial Young (small mammals) | helpless, short gestation period, fast breeding (hamsters, mice, rabbits, ferrets, gerbils) |
| Precocial Young (small mammals) | alert & mobile, longer gestation period (guinea pigs, chinchillas) |
| Rodentia (small mammals) | gnawing mammals - rodents |
| Lagomorpha (small mammals) | rabbits & hares (incisors) |
| Carnivora (small mammals) | meat eaters - ferrets, cats, etc. |
| Eulipotyphia (small mammals) | insectivores - hedgehogs |
| Adrenal Disease (small mammals) | increased activity or cancer of the adrenal gland (helps regulate hormones), (ferrets) |
| Estrogen Toxicity (small mammals) | prolonged estrus that may lead to death (ferrets) |
| Respiratory Infections (small mammals) | infection that affects the respiratory system of all the animals |
| Tyzer's Disease (small mammals) | bacteria infection of the intestines causing diarrhea & possible death (rabbits, gerbils) |
| Wet Tail (small mammals) | diarrhea caused by stress |
| Trichobezoar (small mammals) | hairballs (rabbits) |
| Chinchillas needs vitamin C to... (small mammals) | prevent scurvy |
| Chinchillas needs dust baths... (small mammals) | 2-3 times a week |
| Why are Rats/Mice used for experiments? (small mammals) | short lifespan, quick reproduction, large litters, similar to humans, small size |
| Mice & Rat Restraints (small mammals) | base of the tail, scruff hold, body hold |
| Gerbil Restraint (small mammals) | grasp one hand around the body place the fore & middle finger on either side of the gerbils head |
| Hamster Restraint (small mammals) | minimal restraint (both hands cupped), scruff hold |
| Guinea Pig Restraint (small mammals) | gently secure one hand around torso and second hand supports hindquarters or place thumb under jaw and hindlimbs should be supported with other hand |
| Rabbits Restraint (small mammals) | scruff hold, football hold, bunny burrito |
| Chinchilla Restraint (small mammals) | place hand under body and use other hand to gently grasp base of the tail (fur slip - don't handle roughly) |
| Ferret Restraint (small mammals) | scruff hold or hold the shoulders w/ a thumb under the jaw then use other hand to support the bottom |
| AKC stands for... (dog history) | American Kennel Club |
| AKC purpose (dog history) | maintain breed standard, record pedigrees in a breed registry, issue rules for conformation dog shows/trials, provide recognition of distinct dog breeds |
| Line Breeding (dog history) | mated pairs that are related but more distantly |
| Inbreeding (dog history) | closely related mated pairs |
| Outcrossing (dog history) | breeding two non-related dogs |
| Gestation (dog history) | period of pregnancy, 63 days |
| Whelping (dog history) | act of giving birth |
| Dog Groups (dog history) | herding, working, sporting, non-sporting, hound, terrier, toy |
| Sub Groups of Working Dogs (working breeds) | guard dogs, rescue dogs, draft/sled dogs |
| Working Dog Purposes Examples (working breeds) | to protect, to help rescue, to help heavy pull cart or sleds, |
| Suitable Owners for Working Dogs (working breeds) | need a lot of space, need assertiveness and not the best choice for a first time owner |
| Venipuncture Sites | jugular, cephalic, saphenous |
Created by:
izzysando
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