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RATS Quiz 4
Lecture 8: Hamsters and Gerbils
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| how much food can hamsters store in their cheeks? | up to 20% of their body weight |
| hamsters are: | colorblind, hear sound in ultrasonic range, remember their relatives, can only see up to 6 inches in front of them, can store as much as 38 lbs of grain in a single burrow |
| what does a hamster's heartbeat fall from during a hibernation state? | 400 to 4 mph |
| when did hamsters come to the US? | 1938 |
| how commonly are hamsters used in research? | in the top 5 most used |
| what is the most popular breed of hamster used? | Syrian/golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) (not social with other hamsters or animals) |
| Chinese hamsters | Cricetus griseus |
| Dwarf hamsters | more social with their own species |
| average hamster life span | 18-36 months |
| hamsters have: | Harderian glands, are born with teeth, and urine is turbid and milky with crystals |
| where are a hamster's cheek pouches located? | each side of the pharynx, they are used to store food, bedding, and offspring |
| flank glands | the dark hair on a hamster's hips |
| brown adipose tissue is important for what in a hamster? | important for temperature regulation |
| hamster behavior: | nocturnal, burrowers, fighting is common, females usually dominate males |
| hamsters will hibernate if what occurs? | the temperature drops below 40 degrees Farenheit |
| how do you sex a hamster? | anogenital distance, large testicles, flank glands, females are larger |
| hamster breeding season | spring to autumn, winter quiescence -> testicles shrink |
| hamster puberty | 6-8 weeks |
| hamster estrous cycle | 4 days |
| hamster gestation | 15-18 days, shortest gestation period of lab animals |
| hamster weaning age | 21 days |
| hamsters should be fed: | rodent diet plus vegetables, fruit, hard-boiled eggs, brewer's yeast |
| hamster are used for what research purposes? | vascular studies, tissue transplant research, cancer, genetics and reproduction, dental caries, susceptible to diabetes, human leprosy and brucellosis, ruminant nutrition studies |
| common diseases in hamsters | PROLIFERATIVE ILEITIS (wet tail, very contagious), antibiotic associated enterocolitis, enteritis, pneumonia, Tyzzer's Disease, neoplasia, parasites (cestodes, pinworms, Demodex), amyloidosis (kidney failure in old hamsters) |
| methods to dose medication to hamsters | oral dosing (water w/ sugar, gavage), injections (SQ, IP most common, IM rare), venipuncture (toenail, retro-orbital sinus, cardiac) |
| gerbils | Meriones unguiculatus, consume very little water, less odor, long, slim body and long-haired tail, ventral marking gland, foot stomping, burrowers, diurnal |
| average gerbil life span | 2-4 years |
| gerbil puberty | 9-18 weeks |
| gerbil estrous cycle | 4-7 days |
| gerbil gestation period | 23-26 days |
| gerbil reproduction | litter size is 4-5, males assist in care of young, usually monogamous for life, cannibalism is rare |
| gerbil weaning age | 21 days |
| in gerbils, high temperatures can induce what? | seizures |
| housing temperatures for gerbils | 64-79 degrees Fahrenheit |
| gerbil husbandry | standard rodent feed, drink very little water, shoebox or suspension cages, housed individual, mating pairs, or groups |
| gerbil research uses | stroke, epilepsy (~20%), endocrine function studies, lipid metabolism, genetic studies |
| common gerbil diseases | seizures, tumors, Tyzzer's disease, Salmonella, cestodes, pinworms, Demodex |
| gerbil restraint and handling | grasp tail base or scruff and hold with pinky |
| gerbil injections | IM is rare, SQ between shoulders, IP is same as a moues, IV is difficult |
| why are IV injections difficult in a gerbil? | the vein can't be stabilized easily (lateral metatarsal vein) |
| how do you give a gerbil medication? | medication is mixed in with water of food, but due to low water consumption, is usually gavaged or given with a water dropper |
Created by:
mkroon26
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