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Clin Path Quiz: 4/5
Total Protein, Erythrocyte Morphology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| two types of stains used in veterinary medicine: | Romanowsky stain, New Methylene Blue stain |
| 3 stains used in the Diff-Quick stain: | fixative (light blue), eosin (pink/red), methylene blue (dark blue/purple) |
| normal canine erythrocyte: | round, biconcave discs, uniform size, prominent central pallor |
| macrocytic: | larger than normal |
| microcytic: | smaller than normal |
| polychromasia: | appears as diffuse basophilia, seen with immature erythrocytes, cells will appear macrocytic |
| hypochromasia: | variation in color associated with decreased hemoglobin; paler cells |
| reticulocytes: | immature RBCs; larger compared to mature RBCs, blue tint bc of nucleus remnants; ANISOCYTOSIS, POLYCHROMASIA |
| Howell-Jolly body: | blue nuclear fragments, single fragments; not common in canine blood, but common in feline blood |
| Heinz body: | round piece of denatured or altered hemoglobin on RBC; appears as a single, peripheral, eosinophilic protrusion (acetaminophen toxicity) |
| Basophilic stippling: | RNA remnants in the RBC; multiple, basophilic remnants (heavy metal poisonings) |
| Poikilocytosis: | abnormal RBC shapes |
| Spherocytes: | sphere-shaped, lacking central pallor, smaller compared to normal RBC; associated with IMHA |
| Leptocytes: | increased membrane surface area relative to volume (target cells or codocytes), may appear folded over; associated with chronic anemia/liver disease |
| Schistocytes: | fractured or fermented RBCs, variable in shape; associated with hemangiosarcoma, iron deficiency |
| Acanthocytes: | RBCS with rounded 'club-like' projections, irregular borders; seen with liver disease |
| Echinocytes: | multiple, regular spaced, spikey projections; seen secondary to kidney disease and snake bites |
| Crenation: | seen when blood smear dries too slowly, cells usually appear unevenly distributed on the slide |
| Rouleaux formation: | cells are arranged close together in a linear arrangement; 'coin stacking'; seen with hyperproteinemia |
| Agglutination: | clustering of RBCs caused by cross-linking of RBCs by antibodies; seen with hemolytic anemia |
| Normal feline erythrocyte morphology: | slight anisocytosis, minimal central pallor, occasional Howell-Jolly bodies, Rouleaux formation may occur |
| Abnormal Rouleaux formation: | usually secondary to hyperproteinemia |
| Howell-Jolly bodies in cats: | may be seen up to 1% in cats, usually only one per cell; different from blood parasite Mycoplasma haemofelis |
| Mycoplasma haemofelis: | blood parasite seen in cats, appear as small coccoid or rod-shaped inclusions |
| Heinz bodies in cats: | normal finding in cats up to 5% |
| Feline reticulocytes: | 2 types in cats, stain with New Methylene Blue to identify more easily |
| Aggregate: | more precipitate RNA |
| Punctate: | minimal RNA, not counted as true RNA |
Created by:
mkroon26
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