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avs exams
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Compared witht he dairy industry in 1944, the current U.S. dairy industry a) has fewer cowsb) produces >400% more milk per cowc) has a smaller industry carbon footprintd) Requires less land | a,b,c,d |
| Indicators of muscularity in market livestock includea) flex of the pasternsb)fullness of the brisketc) width of leg placementd) thickness through hind leg | c,d |
| A genuinely "closed" herd will nota) have exposure to birds or fliesb) buy feeds of animal originc) sell any livestockd) take livestock to and from fairs or shows | a,b,d |
| Biosecurity includes programs for infectious disease control that reduce or preventa) introduction of new disease from outside sourceb) feeding potato by-productsc) culling of unproductive animalsd) transmission of infectious agents within herd | a,d |
| Which would you expect to occur in a region experiencing dought conditionsa) decreased feed costb) decreased herd sizec) decreased crop productiond) decreased livestock mortality | b,c |
| Which of the follwing are among the three beef processors that harvest approximately 85% of the beef cattle in the United Statesa) JBSb) AgriBeefc) Exceld) Tyson | a,c,d |
| With regard to market cattle, you would expecta) fat, light muscled to have higher yield grades than trim, muscular cattleb) have higher dressing percentc) higher proportion of choice yield grad 3 vs 1d) more prime carcasses from fat cattle | a,b,c,d |
| Prevention of horse slaughter in the United Statesa) increased transport to Mexicob) supported by American Veterinary Medical Associationc) resulted in closure of two facilities in Texas and one in Illinoisd) improved welfare of unwanted horses | a,c |
| The Animal Welfare Acta) is inforced by APHIS, which is a branch of USDAb) insures research animals are treated humanlyc) insures humane treatment of petsd) insures humand treatment of farm animals raised for food | a,b,c |
| Compared to Brahman cattle, Shorthorn cattle tend toa) be more excitableb) produce more tender meatc) be more heat tolerantd) have smaller ears and sheaths | b,d |
| Temperamenta) may be scored by measuring the speed cattle exit a chuteb) may be scored by animal behavior in a squeeze chutec) may be scored by flight zone testingd) is influence by genetics and environment/learning | a,b,c,d |
| Which of the following are considered Continental European breeds of cattlea) Charlaisb) Herefordc) Simmentald) Limousin | a,c,d |
| A two breed rotational crossbreedinga) increases benefits from heterosis compared to purebredb) to maintain two purebred cow herdsc) more improved weaning weight than three breed rotationald) requires a third breed sire to make replacement females | a |
| Which have higher total energy and protein requirements than a 1100 lb dry cow in late gestationa) 1400 lb dry in late gestationb) 1100 lb dry in mid gestationc) 1100 postpartum producing 10 lbs milkd) 1100 postpartum producing 20 lbs milk | a,c,d |
| Which are features of good animal handling facilitiesa) smooth floors that are easy to cleanb) painted with multiple bright colorsc) solid, curved wallsd) uniform lighting that minimizes shadows and glare | c,d |
| In a terminal crossbreeding programa) replacement females need to be produced somewhere elseb) improvements in weaning weight due to heterosis c) breeding season of 60 days causes a uniform calf cropd) charlais bulls used to improve musculariy | a,b,c,d |
| T or F: The United States, Canada, and Mexico are all currently considered free of foot and mouth disease | True |
| T or F: Winter feed costs can represent approximately 35 to 40% of the gross revenue of cow-calf producers in Idaho | True |
| Compared witht he dairy industry in 1944, the current U.S. dairy industry a) has fewer cowsb) produces >400% more milk per cowc) has a smaller industry carbon footprintd) Requires less land | a,b,c,d |
| Indicators of muscularity in market livestock includea) flex of the pasternsb)fullness of the brisketc) width of leg placementd) thickness through hind leg | c,d |
| A genuinely "closed" herd will nota) have exposure to birds or fliesb) buy feeds of animal originc) sell any livestockd) take livestock to and from fairs or shows | a,b,d |
| Biosecurity includes programs for infectious disease control that reduce or preventa) introduction of new disease from outside sourceb) feeding potato by-productsc) culling of unproductive animalsd) transmission of infectious agents within herd | a,d |
| Which would you expect to occur in a region experiencing dought conditionsa) decreased feed costb) decreased herd sizec) decreased crop productiond) decreased livestock mortality | b,c |
| Which of the follwing are among the three beef processors that harvest approximately 85% of the beef cattle in the United Statesa) JBSb) AgriBeefc) Exceld) Tyson | a,c,d |
| With regard to market cattle, you would expecta) fat, light muscled to have higher yield grades than trim, muscular cattleb) have higher dressing percentc) higher proportion of choice yield grad 3 vs 1d) more prime carcasses from fat cattle | a,b,c,d |
| Prevention of horse slaughter in the United Statesa) increased transport to Mexicob) supported by American Veterinary Medical Associationc) resulted in closure of two facilities in Texas and one in Illinoisd) improved welfare of unwanted horses | a,c |
| The Animal Welfare Acta) is inforced by APHIS, which is a branch of USDAb) insures research animals are treated humanlyc) insures humane treatment of petsd) insures humand treatment of farm animals raised for food | a,b,c |
| Compared to Brahman cattle, Shorthorn cattle tend toa) be more excitableb) produce more tender meatc) be more heat tolerantd) have smaller ears and sheaths | b,d |
| Temperamenta) may be scored by measuring the speed cattle exit a chuteb) may be scored by animal behavior in a squeeze chutec) may be scored by flight zone testingd) is influence by genetics and environment/learning | a,b,c,d |
| Which of the following are considered Continental European breeds of cattlea) Charlaisb) Herefordc) Simmentald) Limousin | a,c,d |
| A two breed rotational crossbreedinga) increases benefits from heterosis compared to purebredb) to maintain two purebred cow herdsc) more improved weaning weight than three breed rotationald) requires a third breed sire to make replacement females | a |
| Which have higher total energy and protein requirements than a 1100 lb dry cow in late gestationa) 1400 lb dry in late gestationb) 1100 lb dry in mid gestationc) 1100 postpartum producing 10 lbs milkd) 1100 postpartum producing 20 lbs milk | a,c,d |
| Which are features of good animal handling facilitiesa) smooth floors that are easy to cleanb) painted with multiple bright colorsc) solid, curved wallsd) uniform lighting that minimizes shadows and glare | c,d |
| In a terminal crossbreeding programa) replacement females need to be produced somewhere elseb) improvements in weaning weight due to heterosis c) breeding season of 60 days causes a uniform calf cropd) charlais bulls used to improve musculariy | a,b,c,d |
| T or F: The United States, Canada, and Mexico are all currently considered free of foot and mouth disease | True |
| T or F: Grazing animals will often congregate into a group when being stalked by a predator or when this stalking behavior is mimicked by a human | True |
| T or F: Molybdenum (Mo) and copper (Cu) antagonist, and the Cu:Mo ratio should be >7:1 | True |
| T or F: The combined revenues for the animal rights organizations that campaign against animal agriculture was almost $300 million in 2006 | True |
| T or F: Meat, milk, eggs, and fish contribute a higher % protein than calories to the human diet, but this is not generally true for cereals, fruits and vegetables | True |
| T or F: A potential health concern for a person assisting a ewe giving birth is exposure to coxiella burnetii which is an organism that causes Q fever | True |
| T or F: The Ag Guide produced by the Federation of Animal Science Societies requires proper care and treatment of animals used in research and requires institution to establish a chemical hygiene committee | False |
| T or F: The number of livestock operation in the United States has declined substantially in the last decade, while the average farm real estate values have increased | True |
| T or F: Due to the availability of inexpensive corn by-products of the ethanol industry, the cost of finishing steers in a feedlot has declined in recent years | False |
| T or F: Horses expend less energy when standing than when lying down, but the opposite is true for cattle. Thus the time budget is different for these species. | True |
| T or F: The flight zone of an antelope is small than that of most horses | False |
| T or F: Structural correctness and balance are higher priorities when evaluating market livestock than breeding livestock | False |
| T or F: The U.S. produces more beef than any other country, but imports more beef than it exports | True |
| T or F: Castration of bull calves should be done when they are >700 lbs, because the procedure is less stressful on older calves than younger calves | False |
| T or F: The cattle industry is the largest single component of agriculture in the U.S. | True |
| T or F: winter feed costs can represent approximately 35 to 40% of the gross revenue of cow-calf producers in Idaho | True |
| T or F: The largest proportion of cow inventory is on ranches with 100 to 499 cows, but the most beef cow operations have less than 50 cows | True |
| T or F: A yearling bull should be able to service more cows than a mature bull | False |
| T or F: Beef heifers are typically bred to calve at 24 months of age, and should be bred to bulls with relatively low birth weight EPDs | True |
| Based on the tip of the iceberg principle described by Dr. schneider, most infections in anmimals are _______________, and the ratio of these to animals that are clinically infected would typically be greater than _________ | subclinically infected10:1 |
| Mandatory COOL, which refers to _______________, is likely to increase the cost of meat that is labled as a product of the U.S.A. | Country of Origin Labeling |
| At the University of Idaho, all applications for use of animals are pre-reviewed by _____________________, then animal use forms must be approved by ACUC which refers to __________________ prior to use in either teaching or reserach | campus vet, Brad WilliamsAnimal Care and Use Committee |
| The three R's that refer to alternatives to animal use include: _____________ in the number of animals used, _______________ of conscious living vertebrates with non-sentient material, and ______________ of techniques to reduce pain and distress | reductionreplacementrefinement |
| Biosecurity measures include isolation of __________ and ________________ animals | sickreplacement |
| Corticosteroids (ie corisol) are steroid hormones that increase in response to stress, and can ___________________ (enhance or suppress) an immune response | suppress |
| Exports of beef from the United States dropped dramatically in 2004 due to ____________________. Currently, the largest quantity of U.S. beef is exported to _________________ | BSE or Mad Cow DiseaseMexico |
| To receive proper nutrition and antibodies that aid in immune response, calves should get ______________ from a cow within the first few hours after birth | colostrum |
| A useful principle of restaint is to apply ___________ pressure to keep animals calm | optimum |
| Grass tetany is usually observed in the __________ (season) and results from a ____________ deficiency in beef cows. In contrast, white muscle disease typically results from a dificiency in the mineral ______________ | springMagnesiumSelecium |
| The first breed of cattle introduced into the U.S. was the ______________ . Currently the _____________ breed of cattle has the most registrations. In South America you would see more cattle of the ________________ species because they are heat resistant | LonghornBlack AngusBos Indicus |
| List a disadvantage and advantage associated with the use of gestation crates for sows | Sows are unable to fightSows can get sore and receive sores |
| What does the acronym CAFO refer to? What is an environmental concern associated with CAFO? | Concentrated Animal Feeding OperationWater and air quality |
| What famous applied ethologist was recently the focus of an HBO movie? | Temple Grandin |
| How can you distinguish an animal that evolved as a predator from, from a prey animal? | Preditors' eyes are closer together and they have binocular visionPrey eyes are generally far apart and have monocular vision |
| What are two examples of preditors and why do they make such good companion animals? | Dog and catBecause they tend to be pack animals and have a hiarchial status |
| What is the primary difference between a seedstock producer and a commerical cow-calf producer? | Seedstock producers' purpose is to breed favorably structured, sound cows that then go to commercial cow-calf producers, cow-calf producers raise market calves that will go to feedlot |
| What are two reasons why you would cull a gilt based on her underline? | Nipples not evenly spacedHas pin, inverted, or bline nipplesLess than six or seven nipples on each side |
| What are three good animal handling practices? | Move small bunchesOpen antiback gates in allysNo loud noises/visual distractionsCalm handler movement |
| What are two strategies that could be used to prevent the transmission of Malignant Catarrhal Fever at the Latah County Fair? | Keep sheep in different facility from other animals Have sheep come to fair on different days than the cattle/bison |
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