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Bone Risks
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Rotation | movement turns a body part on its own axis (turning head) |
| Circumduction | movement describing a circle |
| What is the only type of joint that can perform all the types of movement? | Ball & socket joints |
| Osteoarthritis | Normal wear and tear of the cartilage with aging, or in response to injury or infection Symptoms: Limp, change in gait, pain & discomfort Treatments: Joint supplements, NSAID , steroids, pain blockers. |
| Hip dysplasia | Poor fit of the hip socket and the femoral head coupled with lack of muscular support - Often genetic Signs: Dogs often alter gait. Weakness & pain in hind end. May avoid stairs etc. Treatment: Surgery, pain blockers and anti- inflammatory drugs |
| What dogs are at high risk for hip dysplasia? | Large breed dogs especially German Shepherds Since it is often genetic sufferers SHOULD NOT BE BRED |
| Luxating patella | Most common orthopedic problem in small dogs • Patella falls out of position • Genetic • Often does not cause a problem except for minor uncomfortable shifting, but can become painful if causes arthritic problem • Treatment: Nothing, surgery if bad |
| CCL rupture | Cruciate ligament important stabilizer in the stifle (knee) • Can tear (full or partial) & destabilize the knee Signs: Often exhibit lameness and discomfort. Treatment: Extended cage rest. Most dogs will require surgery to repair. |
| What test do vets often conduct for suspected CCL rupture? | Cranial drawer test |
| What are some risk factors for a CCL rupture? | Risk factor if in poor physical condition and overweight. Certain breeds such as Labs more predisposed. (Caused by degradation or twisting injury) |
| T/F many dogs will go on to rupture the other knee? | True |
| Skeletal muscle | • Voluntary • Movement for bone • Striated |
| Smooth muscle | • Involuntary • Controls movements of internal organs |
| Cardiac muscle | •Muscles that control the heart •Involuntary •Striated |
| Myositis | inflammation of the muscles |
| How are muscles attached to bones? | By tendons |
| inflammation of the muscles | provide rapid absorption of injected agents due to muscles having a large blood supply (not as fast as IV). |
| Brachiocephalicus | Muscle for injection in the neck |
| Epaxial | Intramuscular injections may be performed on either side of the epaxial lumbodorsal muscles (either side of the lumbar spine) |
| Semimembranous and Semitendinous | Muscles by the "hamstring" (rear of the thigh) |
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1409105
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