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ANS 101 Exam 2
Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| US composite, made up of 5/8 angus and 3/8 brahman - black with slight appearance of hump - Maternal breed | Brangus |
| Dairy breed from Switzerland, came to the US in 1869. Second highest in milk production. Light brown/grey in milk production. Known for being great grazers. | Brown Swiss |
| - Can be white, red, black, laced, or buff colored and has yellow skin - Tall, large birds with heavy muscling with short feathers held closely to the body - Lays brown eggs and has a pea comb - basis for most commercial broilers in the US | Cornish |
| - Meat goat breed - Shades of brown with black dorsal lines, legs, and beard - Body shape, ears, and color are not always consistently identifiable | Spanish |
| Beef breed from France ("Continental/exotic" and "paternal" breed) - Originally red, but black lines now exist as well - Large and heavily muscled with rounded quarters | Limousin |
| - Terminal breed - Can by identified by its red body and white face and legs, and down ears | Hereford |
| - Originated in the US, derived from Crillio cattle that were left feral from Spanish explorers - Maternal breed - Moderate to small in size - Colored with various levels of white, red, and black mixing - Very long and distinguished horns | Longhorn |
| - Terminal breed - Came to America in 1823 - Can be identified by white markings on legs, muzzle, and tail, and the erect ears | Berkshire |
| - Light or dark (black) markings with intricate white patterns - Large body with average muscle - Feathered shanks with red wattles - Lays brown eggs and has a pea comb - Broiler type, good capon breed, but show purpose is prevalent | Brahma |
| - Terminal breed - Originated in America in the early 1800s - Can be identified by their solid red color and down ears | Duroc |
| - Beef breed from France (paternal breed) - Usually very large framed and big headed with rough shoulders and weak top - Traditionally red and white spotted - Can see roan and small when heavily influenced with American Shorthorn | Maine Anjou |
| - Original to Belgium from medieval Flemish breeding - Came to US for farm work - Largest numbers of draft registrations in US | Belgian |
| - Original to Shetland Islands in England - Bred for coal mine draft work - Modern lines are less shaggy, more refined and often used in English style equitation events, most notable harness/carriage events and halter shows | Shetland Pony |
| - Originated from Belgium - Paternal and Exotic/continental breed - Spotted to white with usual roan pigment - Double muscled - Often shown sheared off to show extreme muscle expression - Produces unusually tender meat | Belgian Blue |
| - Fiber goat breed - Small, white, horned, and long fibered with a definite crimp visible on the mohair - Known for being a heavy producer of mohair, a good browser, and range forager | Angora |
| - Lean, heavy muscled - Black breed with six white points and down ears - Known to be excellent feeders and gain readily under good care and management | Poland China |
| - Oldest breed, original to Arabian desert lands - Bred for endurance, spirit, and elegance - Ancestral to many breeds - Extensively bred for ranch work in Western US - Head shape is very different and makes the breed easy to identify | Arabian |
| - To US in 1700s from old English influence breeding of Arabians - Popular in eastern states for longer distance and endurance racing - Some lines and crosses popular in stadium jumping and field events | Thoroughbred |
| - Meat goat breed - Can be combinations of white and brown with dorsal stripe - Horned and moderately muscled - Known for their survivability and growth rate in a tough range environment | Kiko |
| - Can be white, brown, red, or bronze - Small size, early maturing, and light muscled body type - Single comb and lays white eggs - Layer lines are are prominent | Leghorn |
| - Dairy goat breed - Medium sized with alert appearance - Light fawn to dark chocolate colored with white ears and white stripes on face and legs - Erect ears carried forward | Toggenburg |
| - Terminal breed - Can be identified by its black body with a white belt on its shoulders and front legs, and its erect ears. | Hampshire |
| Dairy breed from Holland, came to the US in 1795. This breed makes up 90% of the dairy cow population in the US and ranks highest in milk production. Large in stature (1500lbs) and has 2 different color schemes, black and white and red and white. | Holstein |
| - Terminal Breed - Known for dark black spots | Spotted |
| - Maternal breed - Known by their large, white bodies and erect ears | Yorkshire |
| - Maternal breed - Originated in America in the late 1810s - All white and has down ears | Chester White |
| - Originated from Italy - Paternal breed - White with black eyes and switch - American lines are small and black to suit youth show industry - Crosses with brahman lines tend to have a striped or brindle pattern | Chianina |
| - Original to US from Spanish horses developed by the Nez Perce Indians of northwest US in 1700s - Same colors noted in European cave paintings of 15,000BC - Endurance and color at tissue in breed | Appaloosa |
| - Maternal breed - Known for its wrinkles in the face and skin and their high embryo survival rate | Meishan |
| - Mostly black body with red saddle and cape, small size and muscle, often considered rumpless - Pea comb - Blue and/or green shades of eggs - Good egg laying compatibility | Aracauna |
| - Beef breed from NE coast of England, Scotland - Maternal breed - Red, roan, or white in color - Dual purpose breed however, it is more common to use this breed for dairy | Shorthorn |
| - Beef breed from England ("English" and "maternal" breed) - Red with white face and points - can range from dark red to almost yellow - can be horned (distinguished, downward curve) or polled - western range cow with moderate milk, breeds easy | Hereford |
| - Beef breed from France ("Continental/exotic" and "paternal" breed) - White with reddish pigment in skin - White color is co-dominant to other color genes (not usual among cattle) which gives a diluted color to calves born from a cross | Charolais |
| - Dairy goat breed - Straight faced with a very short ear (gopher or elf eared) with no cartilage - Any color combination is acceptable - Reputation for being sturdy with an excellent temperament and one of the highest milk fat producers | La Manch |
| - Falls into the "other" category of goat breeds - Can be any color combination, but most are black and white - Can be used for milk or meat, but is best known for its reaction to stress - they fall over and are stiff as if in rigor mortis | Myotonic |
| - Maternal breed, typically used to build western rangeland ewe flocks - White face - Developed in the US in the 1930s | Targhee |
| - Falls into the "other" category of goat breeds - Very small (dwarf) with a very heavy main of hair over the shoulder - All colors are ok, though most are usually dark grey agouti colored and usually have a dorsal stripe | Pygmy |
| - Maternal breed, typically used to build western rangeland ewe flocks - White face - Derived from the crossing of Finnsheep, Rambouillet, Targhee, and Dorset breeds | Polypay |
| - Large framed, heavy muscled paternal breed - Clean head (no wool cap) and black face - Originally from England and is one of the most popular farm-flock breeds and terminal sire breeds in the US | Suffolk |
| - Dairy goat breed - Medium to large goat that is up eared and all white - Very heavy milk producer | Saanen |
| - Ancient origins, from France with some Arab horse ancestry - Came to US in 1839, later than other drafts however, 3 times as many other breeds combined by WWII - Bred for farm and city labor - ISU famous for breeding program in early 1900s | Percheron |
| - All white and mostly horned, though some polled lines exist - Not heavily muscled, known more for the high quality and volume of their wool - Bred in France from Merino lines | Rambouillet |
| - Originated from Switzerland, but German lines also exist - Paternal and continental/exotic breed - Usually very large - Traditionally yellow or red spotted, German lines usually solid red, and American lines can be black or grey | Simmental |
| - Terminal breed - Originated in Belgium - Known for their ability to improve pork quality in crosses - Identified by their shorter legs, light spots, and erect ears | Pietrain |
| - Original to US but from Spanish explorers with "two-toned" horses - Bred for ranch work in US - Second largest numbers in US today | Paint Horse |
| - Originated in southern german in the late 1700s - Can be maternal OR paternal breed, varies by operation - Red color with strong skin pigmentation - Black lines developed in US | Gelbvieh |
| - Originated from England - Came to US in 1882 - Comparatively long in the neck and legs, and lacks width. - Noticeably firm jowl, underline, and fleshing. | Tamworth |
| Dairy breed from the islands in the English Channel, Came to the US in 1830. Average milk production with yellow colored milk from a high beta carotene content. Tan and white in color. | Guernsey |
| - Dairy goat breed - Medium sized and straight nosed with "chamois" to black color and black stripes on face and legs - Known for their high vigor | Oberhasli |
| - Dairy goat breed - No established color - Males have pronounced beard - Erect ears of medium size and large, well shaped udders - White is discriminated against so they will have markings | Alpine |
| Dairy breed from islands in the English Channel, came to the US in 1850. Smallest breed in stature. Average milk production but known for high butterfat content and heat tolerance. Grey, fawn, and black in color. | Jersey |
| - Maternal breed - Down ears - Solid white in color, long in the body, less pronounced arch in the back compared to most other breeds | Landrace |
| - Barred, white, buff, and numerous other colors recognized - Moderate to large and broad breasted - Non-aggressive and tame easily - Loose feathers - Lays brown eggs and has a single comb | Plymouth Rock |
| - Yellow skin with a variety of different feather colors possible - small in size - have crest, beard, muffs, and are soft feathered - fairly active despite limited vision due to their large 'headgear" - lays white eggs and has pea comb | Polish |
| - Paternal, white face breed, with a large body - Usually polled - Originated in the southern part of England | Hampshire |
| - Meat goat breed - White body color with a red "cape" and an thick muscled - Known for muscle production and growth rate, which is better than any other breed of goat | Boer |
| - Beef breed from Scotland ("English" and "maternal" breed) - "maternal" breed. - Small to moderate in size - Always polled, no scurs - Red and black varieties - Most popular breed in US | Angus |
| - Beef breed developed in the US but derived from a breed from India - Maternal breed - Long, down ears, large dewlap, and a hump (crested neck) - Colors range from dark to light grey - Seen often in bull riding events | Brahman |
| - Larger, later maturing, faster growing - Leaner at typical slaughter weights and produce great carcass characteristics - More expensive to maintain/not as functional in the environment in which the cow herd must produce | Paternal Breeds |
| - Original to US - derived from East Coast Chickasaw and the English Thoroughbreds - Extensively bred for ranch work in Western US - Largest numbers in US | American Quarter Horse |
| - Basis of the cow herd - Cost effective, forage efficient - Sensibly sized, low input, easy fleshing (important traits for survival and reproductive fitness, milking ability matches the environment) | Maternal Breeds |
| Dairy breed from England, came to the US in the late 1800's. Lowest milk production, initially a dual purpose breed. Red, white, or roan in color. This breed makes up less the 0.5% of all dairy cows. | Milking Shorthorns |
| Dairy breed from Scotland, came to the US in 1822. Average milk production. Reddish brown and white. Known for excellent udders. | Ayrshire |
| - Dairy goat breed - Very long pendulous ear. large, pendulous udder. Convex muzzle. - All purpose (meat, milk and hide) with a much longer breeding season than other goats. Best suited of dairy breeds for hot conditions. | Nubian |
| - Fiber goat breed - White, horned, and has a fiber that is very "lustrous" in appearance - No noticeable ringlet or crimp like Angora - Known for having the finest fiber available after the hair is removed from the fleece | Cashmere |
| - Original to Iowa in 1954 - From Shetland x Appaloosa cross, but now has other breed influences - Bred for larger pony riders not yet ready for a full sized horse - Second largest numbers in US for ponies | Pony of the Americas |
| - Original to Scotland - Bred for faster gait pulling wagons, big hoof diameter - Came to US in early 1800s, not as popular for farm work due to feathers and size | Clydesdale |
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Annaktrev
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