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Kidney 2
other abnormal results found w/ kidney dysfunction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what percentage of the kidneys must be non-functional before the bun/creatinine becomes elevated? | 75% |
| phosphorus is excreted where? | renal |
| inadequate renal function will cause elevated phosphorus? | hyperphosphatemia |
| what percentage of potassium is intracellular? | 90% |
| what is it called when kidney failure happens and less potassium is excreted? | hypokalemia |
| an increase in potassium excretion is called? | hyperkalemia |
| decreased creatinine clearance indicates what? | renal dysfunction |
| what does azotemic mean? | an increase in bun and creatinine |
| what is uremia? | a syndrome characterized by a constellation of clinical signs caused by the retention of wastes normally excreted by the kidneys |
| an azotemic patient is not always? but a uremic patient is always? | uremic; azotemic |
| prerenal azotemia causes? | dehydration, means kidney is able to concentrate urine |
| renal azotemia causes? | occurs after 75% of nephrons lost, means kidneys are unable to concentrate urine |
| post renal azotemia causes? | urinary obstruction, cannot excrete waste b/c of obstruction |
| what test would you run to check the kidneys? | urinalysis |
| renal failure is called what? | acute or chronic kidney disease |
| acute kidney disease is caused by what and may be reversible? | toxic or ischemic insult to the kidney |
| chronic kidney disease is what? | progessive, slow, usually irreversible |
| what does pyelonephritis mean? | renal pelvis and nephron inflammation |
| list the symptoms of akd? | lethargy, vomiting, poolydyspia, polyuria to anuria, uremic ulcers, dehydration |
| give an example of ethylene glycol toxicity? | antifreeze |
| ethylene glycol toxicity causes what? | akd, calcium oxalate crystalluria |
| how to diagnose ethylene glycol toxicity? | kacey and egt tests |
| how to treat ethylene glycol toxicity? | induce vomiting, gastric lavage, activated charcoal, ivfl, evaclear, or antizol |
| chronic renal failure is usually seen in what age of cats? | 8 years or older |
| how to diagnose chronic renal failure? | hypertension, elevated bun/cr, pcv decreased, diluted urine, weight loss |
| how to treat chronic renal failure? | sqfl 1-2 times weekly, diet, norvasc |
| what is azodyl? | breaks down uremic toxins in the bowel and flushed them out, enteric dialysis |
| when do you use epakitin? | when phosphorous is low |
| how to diagnose raisin/grape toxicity? | cbc, panel everything will be pretty much elevated, hyperglycemia |
| how to treat raisin/grape toxicity? | induce vomiting, activated charcoal, correct dehydration, lasix, antacids like famotidine |
| how do you treat lepto? | penicillin doxycycline, enrofloxacin, ivfl, pain meds |
Created by:
supersam1314
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