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Pharm (Starr)
complete Starr pharm review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Trimethoprim Sulfa | When using this drug,it is imperative that the animal is well hydrated. |
| Side Effect–Keratoconjunctivitis,Nephrotoxic | Trimethoprim Sulfa. |
| Used off label for coccidia in small animal | Ponazuril. |
| Best treatment for coccidia in cats and dogs | Ponazuril. |
| Crosses blood/brain barrier | Ponazuril. |
| What is the treatment of choice for Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) | Navigator. |
| MOA – Structural analog of thiamine and competes with it for absorption into parasite | Amprolium. |
| Anticoccidial with bacteriostaic effect | Amprolium. |
| Anticoccidial that needs diluted | Amprolium. |
| Albon | Anticoccidial. |
| Use Labeled for small animal anticoccidial | Albon. |
| Lysine | Antiviral |
| MOA–Substitutes viral arginine with lysine which leads to protein dissociation | Lysine. |
| Used to disinfect cages/tables exposed to parvo virus | chlorox. |
| Mix with water in an ~ 1:30 ratio and allow to sit for 30 mins | Dilution for chlorox for parvo. |
| Interferon/use | Antiviral. |
| Inhibits the replication of a wide variety of viruses | Interferon. |
| MOA:Inhibits methylation of mRNA, translation and viral assembly and release | Interferon. |
| Preferred antiviral for parvo | Tamiflu |
| MOA – Neuramidase Inhibitor | Tamiflu |
| Antibacterial and Antiviral Effect | Tamiflu |
| It will keep the bacterial concentration in the intestines low so that secondary infections will not occur while a puppy is infected with parvo | Tamiflu |
| Elspar, Cisplatin/Carboplatin | Chemotherapeutics |
| Elspar Rx What pretreatment | Diphenhydramine (benedryl) |
| Give subcutaneously or IM | Elspar |
| Pretreat with Diphenhydramine (benedryl) for | Elspar |
| IM or SC because IV injection can cause anaphalaxis | Elspar |
| Comes in 10,000 unit bottles | Elspar |
| What not to give Cats Chemo | 5FU (Cats are F-ed up via neurotoxicity quickly),Cisplatin/Carboplatin. (Cat’s splat slowly) |
| Chemo that causes Cardiotoxicity | Doxorubin(Dog–40mg/m2). |
| Chemo that causes Nephrotoxicity | Doxorubin(Cat–80mg/m2),Amphitericin B,Cisplatin. |
| Dexrazoxane (Zinecard RX) | Chemotherapeutic. |
| Used for treatment of extravasation of doxorubin | Dexrazoxane (Zinecard RX). |
| Cardioprotective can be used to prevent doxorubin related cardiotoxic effect | Dexrazoxane(Zinecard RX). |
| Cyclophosphamide | Nitrogen mustard. |
| Causes myelosuppression, hematuria (Reduce with hydration) | Cyclophosphamide. |
| Least toxic nitrogen mustard,can replace cyclophoshamide if side effects present | Chlorambucil. |
| Chemotherapeutic | Vincristine. |
| Use a luer-lock syringe when administering | Vincristine. |
| Dosage should be below 1ml | Vincristine. |
| It is active during M-phase (binds to mitotic spindle) | Vincristine. |
| It is a vesicant if given perivascularly | Vincristine. |
| Best CNS penetration of chemo treatment | Nitrosureas–CCNU(lomustine)& BCNU(Carmustine). |
| Nadir (Definition) | Lowest Point. |
| Apoptosis (Definition) | Programed cell death. |
| Ketoconazole use | as an antifungal (yeast & dimorphic fungi). |
| Inhibits cytochrome P450 | Ketoconazole. |
| Used with cyclosporin to reduce cost | Ketoconazole. |
| Does NOT treat dermatophytes | Amphotericin B. |
| SE–Nephrotoxic (other se–vasoconstriction, anaphalaxis, vomiting etc etc) | Amphotericin B. |
| Antifungal Histoplasmosis treatment | Apmotericin B, Ketoconazole (for mild infection) Fluconazole/Itraconazole. |
| Best CNS penetration of antifungal | Fluconizol. |
| Fewest side effects of antifungal | fluconazole/itraconazole/ketaconazole. |
| Antifungal griseofulvin teratogenic in | cats. |
| Can cause cleft palate in cat fetuses | Griseofluvin. |
| The microfine griseofluvin is | better absorbed. |
| Ivermectin,Fipronil,Program,Amitraz,Spinosad,Promeris,Advantage,Pyrethrin,Selemectin | Ectoparasites. |
| MOA – GABA agonist that leads to parasite paralysis | Ivermectin. |
| MOA -Inhibits synthesis & deposit of chitin within ova & larval exoskeleton of developing fleas | Program. |
| MOA -Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor,degrades neurotransmitters NE & serotonin | Amitraz. |
| MOA -Targets nicotinic Ach receptors leading to mm contraction and death | Spinosad. |
| MOA -Disrupts normal nerve function in ticks leading to reduced feeding and attachment | Promeris. |
| MOA -Prevents postsynaptic binding of Ach, leading to respiratory paralysis of the flea | Advantage. |
| Used in Dogs sensitive to Ivermectin (collies) as a scabicide | Selemectin. |
| Calculate doses | (I think we will need to calc an Albon dose, if I remember correctly-Mike) |
Created by:
alljacks
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