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NSDD - Week 1
H&S & Posting Specimens
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What Specimens Are Commonly Analysed In The Lab? | -Blood -Urine -Skin and hair -Faeces -Body fluid -Bone marrow |
Why Is Health and Safety Important In The Lab? | -Protect employers -Protect employees -Protect the public -Protect work experience students -Provide a safe working environment |
What Bodies Enforce The Health and Safety Act? | Health and safety commission (HSC) = oversee and encourage health and safety Health and safety executive = enforcement body of HSC |
What Responsibilities Do Employers Have Under The Health And Safety Act? | -Produce written H&S procedures if more than 5 employees -Display policies -Induction training -Supervision and further training -Provide safe working environment |
What Responsibilities Do Employees Have Under The Health And Safety Act? | -Work in a safe manner -Respect H&S -Co-operate with employer -Not interfere with H&S -Keep vaccines up to date -Provide risk assessments, first aid kits |
What Legislations Cover Health and Safety In The Lab? | COSHH 2002 RIDDOR 1995 Control of Pollution (Special Waste) Regulations 1988 Collection and Disposal of Waste Regulations 1992 Environmental Protections Act 1990 Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 |
List Some General Health And Safety Rules That Apply In The Lab? | -Authorised personnel only -Wear PPE -Long hair tied back -No jewellery -No smoking, eating and drinking -Wash hands regularly and prior to leaving the lab |
What Should be Done In Response To The Spillage Of Chemicals In The Lab? | -Use of a spill kit, containing: Absorbent towels Absorbent material PPE Forceps for picking up glass Water Disinfectant |
What Should be Done In Response To The Spillage Of Chemicals Onto Skin Or Eyes In The Lab? | -Rinse area in sterile or tap water -Use emergency eye wash station -Seek medical attention if irritation occurs |
What Should be Done In Response To Breakages In The Lab? | -Use of a disposal or spill kit -Cover debris in paper towels and apply disinfectant -Use a dust pan and brush to remove glass -Use forceps if glass broken in centrifuge |
What Should be Done In Response To Cuts In The Lab? | -Rinse area in sterile or tap water -Cover with a dressing -Seek medical attention if irritation occurs |
What Should be Done In Response Breakages Releasing Aerosols In The Lab? | -Evacuate room for 30mins to ventilate -Senior staff with PPE to clean room thoroughly -Remove any patients from area |
What Should Be Included In A Risk Assessment? | -Identify the hazard -Identify the personnel at risk -Assess the risks -Implement control measures -Inform/train staff -Monitor and review -Maintain written records |
What Are Some General COSHH Guidelines? | -SOPs and COSHH assessments should be formulated for every substance used in workplace -Staff should receive appropriate training -COSHH datasheets should be available for every substance used in the workplace |
What Are The Three RIDDOR Categories? | -Major/fatal accidents -Three-day activities -Dangerous occurrences and near misses (reported by law to HSE) |
What Are The Two Categories Of Veterinary Waste? | Hazardous waste = cytotoxic and cytostatic, infectious waste, sharps, photographic chemicals. Non-hazardous wate = any other non-contaminated pharmaceuticals, offensive waste, domestic waste. |
Give Some Key Aspects To Effective First Aid In The Lab? | -Designated officer -Know where first aid kit is -Keep up to date/stocked -Accident book |
Define Biological Specimen | Any material or substance, submitted for medical analysis, that contains living organisms. |
Define Pathological Specimen | A biological specimen submitted for medical analysis that is diseased. |
What May Be Included In A Diagnostic Specimen? | -Excreta -Secreta -Blood and components -Fluid -Swabs -Body parts |
What Are The Two Categories Of Sample Classification? | Category A = Infectious substance transported in a form that, if exposure occurs, is capable of causing permanent disability or is life threatening. Category B = Any specimen that doesn’t fit into category A. |
What Must Be Labelled On A Diagnostic Specimen? | -Patient name and identification number -Date -Vet surgeon initials -Lab request form attached |
What Information Must Be Included On A Lab Request Form? | -Practice name and address -Name of submitting veterinary surgeon -Patient name, address and reference number -Patient details -Date sample taken -Description of sample |
Who Is Permitted To Send Pathological Samples Through The Post? | -Recognised laboratories and institutions -Qualified medical or laboratory practitioners -Registered dentists -Osteopaths -Nurses |
What Governing Bodies Control The Transport Of Biological Specimens? | The air industry regulations (IATA) = postal services and air transport |
What Regulations Relate To The Transportation Of Biological Specimens? | -The carriage of dangerous goods and use of transportable pressure equipment regulations (2011). -European agreement for transportation of dangerous goods by road (ADR) regulations. |
What Are Some IATA Specimen Packaging Requirements? | -Held within a primary receptacle (leak-proof container to hold no more than 1kg of specimen or 1l of fluid) -Absorbent layer -Secondary receptacle -Lab form to be attached, outer layer -Category label |
What Must Specimen Packaging Be Able To Withstand Under IATA Requirements? | -1.2m drop test, without leakage occurring -Internal pressure of 95kPA, without leakage occurring -Temperature range of -45-55°C |