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beef
vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The CattleFax fed steer price has increased X % from the fourth quarter of 2009 low, which was X to last weeks price at X | 21 $79.39/ CWT $96.28/ CWT |
| The average fourth quarter low to spring high price rally over the last 30 years is just... | 12 percent |
| The live cattle futures market once again has priced in the “best” fundamentals several weeks in advance; meaning... | the tightest fed supplies and seasonally strongest demand are expected to occur in April. |
| The fed cattle market traded steady to $X lower this week compared to last | 2 |
| The North traded primarily at $X to $X while the South traded from $X to $X | $152 to $153 $96 to $97 |
| Boxed beef prices were substantially X on the week with volumes remaining on the light side | higher |
| Feeder cattle values were $X to $X higher and calves were $X to $X higher.Slaughter cows were $X to $X higher. Corn was sharply X. | $1 to $3 $1 to $3 $1 to $2 Lower |
| Argentina beef exports to fall X% | 40% |
| acidosis | A high-acid condition in the rumen (pH 5.3-5.7) caused by rapid consumption or overconsumption of readily fermentable feed; may cause digestive disturbance and/or death. |
| ADG | Average Daily Gain. Calculated by the formula: ADG = (end weight − beginning weight) / days on feed |
| Anestrus | Failure to come into estrus (heat). |
| Animal Unit (AU) | a measure used for estimating animal feed requirements where 1 animal unit is equivalent to the feed required by a 1,000 lb cow. |
| animal unit month (AUM) | Amount of forage, usually 750 lbs (dry weight basis) required to support one AU for 30 days. |
| artificial insemination | The breeding of female animals by artificial, rather than natural, means. |
| balling gun | Metal instrument inserted over the tongue to discharge pills into the throat. |
| birth weight | The weight of a calf taken with a scale within 24 hours after birth. |
| bloat | A potentially fatal condition resulting from excessive gas buildup in the rumen. |
| body condition score (BCS) | Estimation of the degree of fatness in breeding cattle. Indicated on a range from 1 (emaciated) to 9 (obese). Body condition scores in the 5-6 range are most desirable. |
| bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) | Mad cow disease. Fatal, degenerative neurological condition in cattle. Never diagnosed in US. |
| boxed beef | Term referring to the breakdown of carcasses into primal cuts, and packaging similar primals into boxes for distribution. This is the preferred method of marketing beef compared with selling as intact carcasses. |
| brand | Permanent identification on animals caused by scar tissue on skin, usually performed by hot iron. |
| branded beef | Marketing strategy in which beef is identified with consistent characteristics, and marketed according to those characteristics. Requires that buyers identify that product as being worth extra money due to its consistency and/or higher quality. |
| bred | Animal which is pregnant. |
| breed | A group of animals possessing certain well-defined distinguishing characteristics which are not common to other members of the same species and which are transmitted to their offspring with a reasonable degree of certainty. |
| breed type | A particular form typical of the breed together with those special characteristics in head and color markings which are common to a particular breed. |
| brockle-faced | White-faced cattle with other-color splotched about the head and face. |
| bull | Male of cattle, usually used for breeding purposes. |
| by | Designates the sire of an animal. |
| calf | Young animal of cattle species, under one year of age. |
| Brindle | Blending stripes; a type of color pattern. |
| calf crop percent | Percentage of cows having calves. Calculated by the formula: Calf crop percent= (Number of calves born/ number of cows in herd) x100 |
| calving | The process of giving birth to a calf. |
| cancer eye | A cancerous growth on or around the eyelid. |
| capacity | A descriptive term indicating length of body and spring of rib. |
| carcass | The dressed body of a meat animal, the usual items of offal having been removed. |
| carcass grade | An expression of quality of a carcass (prime, choice, etc.). |
| carrying capacity | The number of AU's that a pasture can properly carry or feed for a certain period. |
| castrate | Removal of the testicles, or male reproductive organs, from an animal. |
| chuck | Basic forequarter carcass cut containing ribs 1-5 without neck, brisket, and foreshank; about 24% of the carcass. |
| chute | Equipment constructed for ease in handling cattle, such as a narrow set of panels used for loading. |
| cod | Scrotum of steer with its content of fat. |
| colostrum | The thick, viscous milk produced by a cow during the first week of lactation following parturition. |
| commercial | Animals or herds that are not registered. |
| commercial | Animals or herds that are not registered. |
| Commission | Fee paid for the service of buying or selling. |
| compensatory gain | Faster-than-normal rate of gain following a period of restricted gain. |
| Composite | Refers to breeds of cattle developed by combining two or more breeds over many generations until common characteristics are achieved and predictable. Examples include Brangus, Santa Gertrudis, RX3. |
| Concentrate | Feed stuffs, such as grains, that are low in fiber and high in total digestible nutrients (energy). |
| conception | Fertilization of the egg (ovum). |
| Condition | Degree of fatness in meat animals. |
| Conformation | Refers to the shape and design of an animal. |
| contemporary group | A group of animals about the same age, of the same sex, and handled in the same manner. |
| Cow | Mature female of cattle species. |
| cow-hocked | Hocks turn in to each other and often rub together when animal walks. |
| creep fed | Refers to calves which are given extra feed by means of small openings in panels that permit only smaller animals to enter. |
| Crest | Back of neck; most pronounced on mature bulls and used as an indication of masculine character. |
| Crossbred | Animal resulting from mating of parents of two or more different breeds. |
| Cryptorchid | One or more testicles retained in the body cavity. |
| Cud | Regurgitated feed or bolus from the stomach. |
| Cull | Animal taken out of the herd because it is below herd standards - also to eliminate an animal of low quality from the herd. |
| Cutability | Yield of trimmed and boned round, rib, loin and chuck. |
| Cwt | centiweight; 100 lbs. Eg. $63/cwt |
| Dam | Mother of a calf. |
| dark cutter | Condition in slaughter cattle in which the meat is abnormally dark. Caused by inbalance in metabolic processes. Incidence is dramatically increased with stress. |
| Dehorn | Removal of horns or removal of horn buds to prevent horn growth. |
| Development | Direct coordination of all diverse processes until maturity is reached. |
| Dewlap | Loose skin found on brisket and neck of cattle. |
| Disposition | (temperament) A tendency to act in a certain way. |
| double muscling | an undesirable, genetically controlled display of gross muscular hyperplasia (enlargement of all muscles in the animal's body) most noticeably demonstrated by bulging muscles in the round and shoulder. The tailhead is set forward, and the body is shallow. |
| dressing percent | The percentage the weight of the chilled carcass is of the live weight; calculation is carcass weight *100 live weight (shrunk) |
| dry cow | A cow that is not lactating. |
| dry lot | Confined area in which cattle are kept and fed intensively. |
| dual-purpose | Cattle bred and used both for beef and milk production. |
| Dwarf | In beef cattle, small abnormal cattle, generally calves, recognized by short, broad heads, a bulging forehead, stunted growth, heavy breathing, and protruding lower jaw. It is caused by hereditary factors. |
| Dystocia | Difficulty in birthing. |
| early maturing | Animals reaching full development at an early age, reaching market size and finish quickly, and tending to grow and fatten at the same time |
| ear tagging | Act of putting a tag in ear for purposes of identification. |
| embryo transfer (ET) | Transfer of fertilized egg(s) from a donor female to one or more recipient females. |
| expected progeny difference (EPD) | Estimate of the genetic potential that an animal has over another animal or over the average for the breed. Usually indicated in pounds and is associated with an accuracy value which predicts the confidence in the EPD. |
| estrous | Adjective meaning "heat" that modifies such words as cycle |
| estrus | Period of mating activity in the heifer or cow. |
| F-1 | The first generation of offspring of a given mating. |
| F-2 | The offspring of F- 1 individuals mated to similar F- 1 individuals. |
| fat thickness | Measurement of the amount of fat depth in inches of an animal over the 12th rib. |
Created by:
CortieJo
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