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Physical and Exam

Penn Forster Physical Exam

TermDefinition
Signalment The patients overall description
Key components of a good history: 1. Identify the presenting problem 2. Complete a medical history 3. Complete an environmental history 4. Review body systems
Presenting problem/Client complaint Reason the pet is visiting the clinic.
Environmental history includes: 1. Details of ownership 2. Diet 3. Medications 4. Environment
Integumentary system Skin, feathers, scales, hair, nails, hooves, and horns.
Respiratory system Nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
Circulatory system Heart, blood, and blood vessels.
Gastrointestinal system Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, anus, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.
Urogenital system Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, reproductive organs (Male: penis, prostate, testes; Female: ovaries, uterus, vagina:)
Musculoskeletal system Bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, connective tissues.
Nervous system Brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Vital signs collected before an exam: Weight, heart rate, respiration rate, mucous membrane color, capillary refill time, and body temperature.
CRT Capillary Refill Time
Normal temp range for a dog: 99.5-102.5 F
Normal temp range for a cat: 100.5-102.5 F
Normal temp range for a horse: 99-101 F
Ectoparasites External Parasites
Alopecia Hair loss
Erythroderma Redness of the skin
Papules Pustules
Turgor Pressure Checking the elasticity of the skin for signs of dehydration.
Rales Crackling or rattling sounds during inhalation.
PMI Point of Maximal Intensity
The hearts 4 valves: Pulmonic, Mitral, Tricuspid, and Aortic.
Pulse Deficit The difference, if any, between the heartbeat and Pulse beat.
Peristalsis The involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestines or another canal. Creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the digestive tract forward.
Atrophy Wasting of muscles
BCS Body Condition Score
MCS Muscle Condition Score
BCS represents: Degree of slimness or obesity on a scale of 1-9.
MCS represents: Degree of muscle present on a scale of 1-4.
How to check for a palpebral reflex? Touch the medial corner of the eye to elicit a blink.
How to check for a menace reflex? Move an open palm rapidly toward the animal's eye to elicit a blink. The palm should never come in contact with the animal.
How to check for proprioception? Flex the animal's paw and place it on the floor. The animal should immediately return it's paw or hoof to it's normal position.
Name six peripheral lymph nodes: Submandibular, Prescapular, Axillary, Inguinal, and Popliteal.
How to check for eye dilation? Direct a light toward the eye to constrict the pupil.
Location of the Submandibular Lymph Nodes? Caudal to the mandible on each side of the jaw.
Location of the Prescapular Lymph Nodes? Cranial and dorsal to the shoulder joint.
Location of the Axillary Lymph Nodes? In the animal's armpit region. At normal size they aren't palatable.
Location of the Inguinal Lymph Nodes? In the inguinal region between the rear legs. At normal size they aren't palatable.
Location of the Popliteal Lymph Nodes? At the caudal aspect of the rear leg behind the stifle (knee) joint.
Conjuncitva Membrane that covers the eyeball and the inside of the eyelids.
Sclera White part of the eye.
Cornea The transparent layer that covers the front of the eye.
Ophthalmoscope Used to inspect the eyes.
Otoscope Used to inspect the ears.
Medical Record/Chart A legal document owned by the clinic with info regarding the animal's current and previous medical conditions.
SOAP stands for: Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Procedure/Plan
Created by: VetTech07
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