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ICVP - Disinfection
Disinfection + Waste Disposal
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Cleaning | The physical removal of dirt and organic matter. |
| Define Disinfection | The physical or chemical destruction of microorganisms (but not all pathogens and spores). |
| Define Sterilisation | The destruction of all microorganisms including bacterial spores (from equipment and surfaces). |
| What Is A Disinfectant? | A chemical agent that destroys or prevents the multiplication of microorganisms living on inanimate objects. |
| Define Sepsis | The bodies overwhelming and life-threatening response to infection due to the presence of pathogens or their toxic products in the blood or tissues. |
| Define Asepsis | The absence of pathogenic microbes on living tissue. |
| What Is Antisepsis? | The removal of pathogenic organisms from the skin or mucous membranes and the prevention of sepsis through the use of an antiseptic. |
| What Is An Antiseptic? | An agent that is safe to use on living tissue to reduce the number of microbes (used in the process of antisepsis). |
| What Is A Nosocomial Infection? | An infection acquired by the patient during hospitalisation (also known as a hospital acquired infection (HAI)) |
| What Patients Are At A Higher Risk Of Developing Nosocomial Infections? | -Patients with medical devices (intravenous and urinary catheters, thoracic drains, feeding tubes). -Patients recovering from joint replacement surgery. -Patients recovering from surgical procedures. -Patients whose health is already compromised. |
| What Are The Ideal Properties Of A Disinfectant? | -Broad spectrum action. -Non-irritating. -Non-toxic. -Non-corrosive. -Inexpensive. -Effective. |
| What Are Some General Rules For The Correct Use Of Disinfectant? | -Use PPE. -Follow manufacturer’s guidelines (dilution rates/concentration, contact times). -Use fresh solutions. -Minimise splashes. -Never mix disinfectants. -Wash hands after use. |
| What Are The Four Steps To Properly Disinfect A Kennel? | 1) Removal of organic matter. 2) Clean with a detergent, rinse and dry. 3) Apply the disinfectant and leave for designated contact time. 4) Rinse and dry. |
| What Legislations Are Involved In Waste Disposal? | The Environmental Protection Act 1990 Control of Pollution (amendment) Act 1974 Special Waste Regulations (amended) Act 1996 |
| What Is Hazardous Waste and What Veterinary Waste Bins Come Under This Classification? | -Waste that contains substances or properties that may be harmful to health or the environment. -Sharps, cytotoxic and cytostatic waste, infectious/clinical waste, and photographic/radiographic chemicals. |
| What Veterinary Waste Bins Come Under The Non-Hazardous Classification? | -Pharmaceuticals (non-cytotoxic/cytostatic), offensive waste, cadavers (unless harbouring a notifiable disease), and domestic waste. |
| What Goes In The Yellow Sharps Bin? | -Needles and other sharp objects such as blades. |
| What Goes In The Orange-Lidded Sharps Bin? | -Needles and other sharp objects not contamimated with pharmaceuticals. |
| What Is Cytotoxic Waste? | -Waste that has the potential to be toxic to cells. |
| What Is Cytostatic Waste? | -Waste that has the potential to inhibit cell growth and multiplication. |
| What Colour Is The Cytotoxic/Cytostatic Bin? | Yellow with a purple lid. |
| What Goes In the Yellow Clinical Waste Bin? | -Animal tissue, body parts, blood or other body fluids. -Clinical waste items (swabs, gloves, masks, aprons including blood contaminated items). -Waste from infectious disease and zoonotic patients. |
| What Goes In The Orange Clinical Waste Bin? | -Everything that goes in a yellow clinical waste bin except for body parts and cadavers. |
| What Are The Requirements For Disposing Of Photographic and Radiographic Waste? | -Waste includes fixer and developer solutions (chemicals used to develop a manual/film-based x-ray). -The two solutions should be disposed of separately. -No standard packaging requirements. -Waste containers must however be leak proof and labelled. |
| What Goes In The Blue Pharmaceuticals Bin? | Non-hazardous items contaminated with pharmaceuticals such as vaccine bottles, empty injection bottles, syringe bodies, whole drugs and denatured controlled drugs. |
| What Legislation Regulates The Use Of Controlled Drugs? | The Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001 |
| How Must Controlled Drugs Be Disposed Of? | Through the use of a denaturing kit. They can then be thrown away into the pharmaceuticals bin. The disposal of schedule 2 drugs however must be witnessed (RCVS assessor, VMD inspector, controlled drugs liaison officer (CDLO) etc). |
| How Do Denaturing Kits Render Controlled Drugs useless? | By turning them into a solid gel. Liquids can be put straight into the denaturing kit, while tablets must first be crushed and mixed with water. |
| What Goes In The Tiger-Stripe Offensive Waste Bin? | -Faeces, animal bedding and clinical materials (masks, gloves, blood contaminated items providing they are not infectious). -Any waste that is non-hazardous or non-clinical but one that is unpleasant and may cause offence to the senses. |
| What Are the Different Ways In Which Cadavers Can Be Disposed Of? | -Home burial. -Burial at pet crematorium. -Cremation (individual or communal). -If the cadaver is suspected or confirmed of to be harbouring a notifiable disease, disposal should be arranged via APHA/DEFRA. |
| What Are Some Examples Of Notifiable Diseases? | -Rabies. -Foot and mouth disease (FMD). -Avian influenza. -Bovine tuberculosis. -Anthrax. -West Nile Virus. |
| What Is The Downfall Of Using Chlorine-Based Halogens (Sodium Hypochlorite) As Disinfectant? | They are irritating to mucous membranes, skin, eyes, and the respiratory system. |
| What Disinfectant Should Not Be Used On Cats Because Of Its Toxicity? | Jeyes fluid. |
| How Long Must Transfer Notes Used To Record The Movement Of Waste Be Kept For? | Two years. |
Created by:
aimee_knows_nothing
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