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common feline dxs

small animal lecture

QuestionAnswer
what does flutd stand for? feline lower urinary tract disease
causes of flutd? idiopathic, bacterial infections, crystalluria, urolithiasis, neoplasia, anatomic abnormalities
what is another word for crystalluria? struvite
another word for urolithiasis? calcium oxalate/urine stone
precipitating factors of flutd? dietary-increased magnesium>increased ph of urine.
other precipitating factors? obesity, decreases urine volume/urination, stress
signalment of flutd struvite and calcium oxalate? younger cats <4yrs; >5yrs
clinical signs of cystitis/urethritis-non obstructed? hematuria, pollakuria,dysuria, licking genitalia, small bladder, vocalization
pollakuria means? urinate frequently but in small amounts
clinical signs of partial or complete obstructed? inability to urinate, hiding behavior, painful abdomen, vocalization, enlarged bladder, licking genitalia
clinical signs after 24 hrs of obstruction? bradycardia, hyperkalemia (excessive potassium), depression, weakness, anorexia, vomiting, dehydration, acidosis, cardiac arrhythmias, renal failure which may lead to death
what else causes a cat to go into kidney failure? renal failure
what and where is hyperkalemia excreted? potassium is urinary excreted
treatment of hyperkalemia? relieve obstruction, ivfl-NaCl (sodium chloride/saline)
diagnosis of flutd? history and clinical findings, urinalysis/sediment, xrays/ultrasound, urine culture, stone analysis
treatment of the obstructed cat? monitor ins/outs of ivfl/urine, iv catheter/ nacl fluids, check potassium/bun/ crea, place on ecg, sedate/anesthesia, sterile saline and urinary catheter to hydropulse urethral plugs into the bladder, suture catheter in 24-48hrs
what else can be used to treat obstruction? pain meds-torbutrol and tramadol, antibiotics
what kind of diet should an obstructed cat go on? acidify diet to acidify urine
2 urinary acidifiers? methionine (ammonil) and ammonium chloride
what is a perineal urethrostomy? "sex change"
Created by: supersam1314
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