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Carcass Composition
For Quiz Bowl
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Water | Fluid medium of the body |
| Proteins | Structure and metabolic reactions in the body |
| Lipids | Source of energy, cell membrane structure and function, and metabolic functions (vitamins and hormones) |
| Muscle Types | Skeletal Smooth Cardiac |
| Skeletal | Striated, multinucleated, voluntary contraction |
| Cardiac | Only found in the heart Striated, single nucleated, involuntary contraction Intercalated discs make up the striations |
| Smooth | Non-striated, single nucleated, involuntary contraction Found in the arteries, veins, lymph system, reproductive system, and GI tract |
| Adipose tissue | Energy storage, protection, and insulation |
| White fat | Energy reservoir and insulate the body |
| Brown fat | Greater mitochondria content to help burn more energy and generate heat, most at birth |
| Internal | Perinephric, Mesenteric |
| External | Subcutaneous |
| Seam Fat | Intermuscular |
| Marbling | Intramuscular |
| Ordering 1. Internal (Perinephric) | For protection of vital organs |
| Ordering 2. External (Subcutaneous) | Protection, temperature regulation |
| Ordering 3. Seam Fat (Intermuscular) | Individual muscle protection, not as pertinent as 1 and 2 |
| Ordering 4. Marbling (Intramuscular) | Last to drop in the muscles |
| Extracellular substance | Varies from a soft jelly to a tough firbrous mass |
| Connective Tissue Proper | Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds muscle, muscle bundles, and muscle fibers |
| Supportive Connective Tissue | Bone and Cartilage |
| Ground Substance | Viscous solution containing soluble glycoproteins (carbohydrates containing proteins) where the extracellular fibers are embedded |
| Extracellular Fibers | Primarily comprised of collagen, elastin, and reticulin |
| Tendon | Flexible, inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching muscle to bone |
| Myotendonal Junction | Where muscle fibers, bundles, and muscles and tendons come together |
| Aponeuroses | Tendonal attachments of muscles, often an expanded sheet |
| Ligament | Short band of tough, flexible fibrous connective tissue, connecting two bones or cartilages together within a joint |
| Epimysium | Connective tissue layer that surrounds the entire muscle |
| Perimysium | Connective tissue layer that surrounds the muscle bundle |
| Endomysium | Connective tissue layer that surrounds the muscle fiber |
| Sarcollemma | Cell membrane that surrounds the muscle fiber |
| External (subcutaneous) and Seam Fat (intermuscular) | Are deposited at the same level as epimysium |
| Marbling (Intramuscular) | Is deposited at the same level as the perimysium |
| Diaphysis | Long, central shaft of bone |
| Epiphyses | Enlargements on the ends of bones |
| Periosteum | Thin membrane connective tissue covering the bone |
| Articular Cartilage | Present on the ends (joints) of bones, comprised of hyaline cartilage |
| Epiphyseal Plate | Cartilaginous region separating the diaphysis and epiphysis |
| Type I | Red, Slow (contraction speed), Tonic (contractile action), Oxidative (Metabolism) |
| Type IIA | Red, Fast (contraction speed), Tonic (contractile action), Oxidative (Metabolism) |
| Type IIX(D) | White, Slow (contraction speed), Phasic (contractile action), Glycolytic (Metabolism) |
| Type IIB | White, Slow (contraction speed), Phasic (contractile action), Glycolytic (Metabolism) |
Created by:
CatHern
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