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Anesthetic Equipment

Veterinary Anesthesia

TermDefinition
1. Anesthetic chambers A clear, aquarium-like box used to induce general anesthesia in small patients that are feral, vicious, or intractable or that cannot be handled without undue stress.
2. Anesthetic mask Cone-shaped device, usually made of transparent material used to administer oxygen and anesthetic gases to non-intubated patients, dyspneic, hypoxic, or critical patients via the nose & mouth.
3. Anesthetic vaporizer Anesthetic machine system that vaporizes liquid inhalant anesthetic & mixes it with carrier gases. Classified as precision or non-precision, or vaporizer-out-of-circuit (VOC) or vaporizer-in-circuit (VIC)
4. Asphyxiation The act of cutting off the supply of oxygen; suffocation.
5. Atelectasis Collapse of a portion or all of one or both lungs.
6. Ayre’s T-piece Non-breathing circuit with a fresh gas inlet entering at the patient end of the breathing tube at a 90-degree angle (like the base of a letter T) and without a reservoir bag at the opposite end of the breathing tube; Mapleson E Circuit
7. Bain coaxial circuit Non-breathing circuit with a "tube within a tube" configuration that discharges fresh gas at patient end of breathing tube. Overflow valve & reservoir bag are at the opposite end of breathing tube. Modified Mapleson D Circuit
8. Breathing circuit Anesthetic machine system that conveys the carrier gases and inhalant anesthetic to the patient and removes exhaled carbon dioxide. Breathing circuits are classified as rebreathing circuits or non-rebreathing circuits.
9. Breathing tubes Corrugated tubes that complete a rebreathing circuit by carrying the anesthetic gases to and from the patient. Each tube is connected to a unidirectional valve at one end and to the Y-piece at the other end.
10. Carbon dioxide absorber canister Part of the rebreathing circuit that holds the carbon dioxide absorbent granules. These granules, primarily made of calcium hydroxide, remove expired CO2.
11. Closed rebreathing system Breathing system in which the pop-off valve is kept nearly or completely closed and the flow of oxygen is relatively low, providing only the volume necessary to meet the patient's metabolic needs.
12. Common gas outlet The point where the oxygen, inhalant anesthesia, and N2O, if used, exit the anesthetic machine on the way to the breathing circuit.
13. Compressed gas cylinders Container that holds a large volume of highly pressurized gas. Oxygen, nitrous oxide, medical air, and carbon dioxide are stored in compressed gas cylinders.
14. Endotracheal tube ET Tube; Flexible tube placed inside the trachea of an anesthetized patient and used to transfer anesthetic gases directly from the breathing circuit into the patient's trachea, bypassing the oral & nasal cavities, pharynx, & larynx.
15. Flow meter Glass cylinder of graduated diameter that indicates carrier gas flow expressed in liters of gas per minute (L/min). Reduces the pressure of gas in the intermediate-pressure line from about 50 psi.
16. Fresh gas inlet The point at which the carrier and anesthetic gases enter the breathing circuit.
17. Jackson-Rees circuit Non-breathing circuit with a fresh gas inlet at the patient end of the breathing tube and a reservoir bag at the opposite end. The fresh gas inlet enters the breathing tube at a 45- to 90- degree angle; Mapleson F Circuit.
18. Lack circuit Non-breathing circuit with the fresh gas inlet, the overflow valve, and the reservoir bag located away from the patient at the opposite end of the breathing tube. Modified Mapleson A Circuit.
19. Laryngoscope Device consisting of a handle, a blade, and a light source; used to increase the visibility of the larynx during placement of an endotracheal tube.
20. Line pressure gauge Gage that indicates the pressure in the intermediate-pressure gas line between the pressure-reducing valve and the flow meters.
21. Magill circuit Non-breathing circuit with an overflow valve at the patient end of the breathing tube. Both the fresh gas inlet & reservoir bag are located away from the patient at the opposite end of the breathing tube; Mapleson A Circuit
22. Mapleson classification system Any one of a number of non-breathing circuits as classified by WW Mapleson, in which the position of the fresh gas inlet, the reservoir bag, and the pressure-limiting valve varies.
23. Non-rebreathing system Anesthetic machine with a non-breathing circuit. Little or no exhaled gases are returned to the patient but are removed from the circuit by high flow rates of carrier gas & exits by a pressure-limiting valve or other exit port.
24. Norman mask elbow Non-breathing circuit w/ fresh gas inlet at the pt end of the breath tube & reservoir bag at the opp. end. The fresh gas inlet enters the breath tube at 45- 90- degree angle, and endo tube connect at right angles to the breath tube. Mapleson F Circuit.
25. Oxygen flush valve Button or lever that rapidly delivers a large volume of pure oxygen (at a flow rate of 35-75 L/min) directly to the common gas outlet or breathing circuit of a breathing system, bypassing the anesthetic vaporizer & oxygen flow meters.
26. Pop-off valve AKA: pressure relief valve, exhaust valve, adjustable pressure limiting valve (APL), or overflow valve. This valve is the point of exit of anesthetic gases from the breathing circuit.
27. Pressure manometer Gage that indicates the pressure of the gases with in the breathing circuit, and by extension the pressure in the animal's airway and lungs. Express in centimeters of water (cm H2O), millimeters of mercury (mmHg) or kilopascals (kPa).
28. Pressure-reducing valve Valve the reduces the pressure of a compressed gas to a constant safe operating pressure of 40 to 50 psi (275 to 345 kPa) regardless of pressure changes in the tank.
29. Rebreathing system Anesthetic machine fitted with rebreathing circuit. Exhaled gases minus carbon dioxide are recirculated and rebreathed by the patient, along with variable amounts of fresh oxygen and anesthetic. Used mostly for patients over 3 kg in weight.
30. Reservoir bag Rebreathing bag; Rubber or plastic bag that serves as a flexible storage reservoir for expired and inspired gases. Allows the anesthetist to observe respirations, confirm proper endo tube placement, & ventilate for the patient.
31. Respiratory minute volume RMV; Amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs in one minute. The tidal volume multiplied by the respiration rate.
32. Scavenging system Anesthetic machine system that disposes of excess & waste anesthetic gases outside of the building, so that inhalation by occupationally exposed individuals is minimized.
33. Semi-closed rebreathing system Rebreathing system that the pop off valve is partially open, and the flow of oxygen is relatively high, providing more volume than necessary to meet the patient's metabolic needs.
34. Tank pressure gauge Device attached to the yoke of anesthetic machine or pressure regulator of an H tank. Indicates the pressure of gas remaining in a compressed gas cylinder measured in pounds per square inch (psi) or kilopascals (kPa).
35. Tidal volume The volume of normal breath, (approximately 10 to 15 mL/kg body weight).
36. Unidirectional valves Inspiratory valve or expiratory valve of a rebreathing circuit. Controls the direction of gas flow through a rebreathing circuit as the patient breathes.
37. Vaporizer-in-circuit (VIC) VIC; Vaporizer located inside the breathing circuit. Non precision vaporizers are often positioned this way.
38. Vaporizer-out-of-circuit (VOC) VOC; Vaporizer in which carrier gas from the flow meters flows into the vaporizer before entering the breathing circuit. Precision vaporizers are positioned this way.
Created by: Missy1182
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