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Patient Preparation

Veterinary Anesthesia

TermDefinition
1. auscultation The act of listening to sounds made by internal organs with a stethoscope, especially the heart and lungs.
2. body condition score A numeric assessment of the patient's body weight compared with the ideal body weight.
3. borborygmus Intestinal noises audible with or without a stethoscope, caused by gas moving through the intestinal tract.
4. cachexia Weight loss, loss of muscle mass, and general debilitation that may accompany chronic diseases.
5. cardiac output CO; Total blood flow from the heart per unit time.
6. colloids Large-molecular-weight plasma proteins that provide oncotic pressure.
7. comatose In a sleeplike state. Unresponsive to all stimuli including pain.
8. consent form Form signed by client confirming that they have been told about and understand the procedure to be performed, including the risks involved, releasing the hospital, and other health care providers from responsibility for uncontrollable outcomes.
9. constant rate infusion CRI; Slow continuous administration of a drug at a rate sufficient to achieve the desired effect.
10. crystalloids Fluids that contain water and small-molecular-weight solutes (such as NaCI) and that pass freely through vascular endothelium.
11. cyanosis Blue discoloration of the mucous membranes
12. dead space Mechanical dead space = Y-Piece of the breathing circuit, where there is a bidirectional flow of gases, and the portion of the endotracheal tube extends beyond the nose or the Y-piece and face mask.
13. debilitated Lacking strength; Weak
14. drip rate Way of describing the rate of an IV infusion based on the number of drops (gtt) that are administered to the ppm. Influenced by the type of the tubing (micro or macro), the total vol that is req to be infused, and the time which the IV is ordered to run.
15. dyspneic Difficult or labored breathing.
16. ecchymoses Large bruises. Discolorations of the skin or mucous membranes caused by leakage of blood into the tissues.
17. extra-label drug use The use of an approved drug in a manner that is not in accordance with the approved label directions.
18. gastric dilatation-volvulus A dangerous gastrointestinal condition, occurring primarily in deep-chested large breed dogs, in which the stomach swells with air and twists on it's long axis, leading to shock, loss of blood supply, and other serious consequences.
19. homeostasis A constant state within the body created and maintained by normal physiologic processes.
20. hypercarbia Elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
21. hypotension Low blood pressure; The opposite of hypertension.
22. hypothermia Low body temperature; The opposite of hyperthermia.
23. hypoxemia Low blood oxygen level
24. ileus Intestinal obstruction caused by inhibition of bowel motility; also referred to gastrointestinal stasis.
25. infusion rate The rate at which fluids should be administered expressed by millimeters per unit time; Most often mL/hr.
26. inotropy Force of heart muscle contraction.
27. intact Possessing gonads. Not spayed or castrated.
28. lethargic Depressed but able to be aroused with minimal difficulty.
29. level of consciousness The patient's responsiveness to stimuli. How easily the patient can be aroused. Often used to assess brain function.
30. macrodrip A fluid administration set that delivers fluids at a rate of 10 or 15 drops per milliliter. Generally used for infusion rates equal to or more than 100 mL/hour.
31. microdrip A fluid administration set that delivers fluids at a rate of 60 drops per milliliter. Generally used for infusion rates less than 100 mL/hour.
32. minimum patient database A compilation of pertinent information from the patient history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Used to diagnose and manage a case.
33. miosis Constriction of the pupil of the eye; Opposite of mydriasis.
34. moribund Near death.
35. obtunded Depressed and unable to be fully aroused.
36. oncotic pressure Osmotic pressure provided by large-molecular-weight colloids such as albumin.
37. osmolarity A measure of the number of dissolved solute particles per unit water in body fluids. Usually expressed as osmoles or milliosmoles per liter (mOsm/L) of water.
38. osmotic pressure The pressure required to prevent water flow through a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration.
39. petechiae Small or pinpoint purple discolorations of the skin or mucous membranes resulting from hemorrhage. Smaller than purpura.
40. physical status classification A graded assessment of a patient's physical condition. Used to plan patient management prior to administering anesthetics and to gage patient risk.
41. purpura Purple discolorations of the skin or mucous membrane caused by hemorrhage. Larger than petechiae.
42. regurgitation Flow of stomach contents into the esophagus and mouth unaccompanied by retching; as distinguished from vomiting, which is forceful expulsion of stomach contents into the esophagus and mouth preceded by retching.
43. reproductive status Whether or not the patient has been spayed or castrated. If intact, or whether or not the patient is being used for breeding. In the case of female patients, whether pregnant or not.
44. solutes An atom or molecule dissolved in a body of water.
45. signalment The species, breed, age, sex, and reproductive status of a patient.
46. sloughing Separation of dead tissue from surrounding live tissue in a wound. Often used in reference to tissue death and loss secondary to drug-induced damage.
47. stridor Noisy breathing caused by turbulent air flow in the upper airways.
48. stuporous In a sleeplike state. Can be aroused only with a painful stimulus.
49. syncope Fainting episodes caused by brain hypoxia.
50. thrombocytopenia Low platelet count.
51. vasodilation Dilatation of the blood vessels; the opposite of vasoconstriction.
52. vesicants Drugs that damage tissues if injected perivascularly.
Created by: Missy1182
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