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E&CC Nursing
Emergency and Critical Care Vet Nursing Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abdominocentesis | Sampling of free fluid within the peritoneal space. |
| Acidosis | Elevated levels of metabolic acids within blood or tissue. |
| Asytole | Type of arrhythmia known as a “flat line,” or the absence of heartbeats. |
| Atrial Fibrillation | rapid, uncoordinated contractions of the atria of the heart, resulting in lack of synchronism between heartbeat and pulse beat. |
| Atrial premature complexes | Premature contractions of the atria. Initiated by one of the atria from a location other than the normal sinus heartbeat.- originates in sinoatrial node. |
| Azotemia | Condition in which blood has increased concentrations of nitrogenous wastes -such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and Creatine(crea) |
| Borborygmi | Rumbling noises caused by propulsion of gas and ingesta through the intestines(large intestinal mobility sounds) |
| Capillary Refill Time | Time required for blood to refill the small capillary beds of the mucous membranes after digital blanching. |
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation | Emergency procedure performed in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing. |
| Chest Tube | Flexible tube inserted through the intercostal muscles into the pleural space. |
| Choke | Obstruction of the esophagus. |
| Colic | Severe abdominal pain of sudden onset caused by a variety of conditions, including obstruction, twisting, and spasm of the intestine. |
| Defibrillation | Process of converting a fibrillation arrhythmia to a normal heartbeat (usually via electrical shock with a defibrillator). |
| Disseminated intravascular coagulation | Pattern of generalized concurrent intravascular thrombosis and bleeding. This is among the most serious complications of shock. |
| Down animals | Animals that are not able to stand. |
| Dystocia | Difficult Birth. Can Have multiple causes such as a large fetus, small dam, or malpositioning. |
| Electrocardiography | Measurement of the electrical conductance of the heart; ECG rhythm strips. |
| Endometrial | mucous membrane lining the uterus. |
| Eructation | Act or instance of belching. |
| Fetatome | Device used to cut a dead fetus into smaller parts that can be more easily extracted vaginally when a fetotomy is performed. |
| Fetotomy | Procedure in which a dead fetus is cut into smaller pieces so that it can be extracted vaginally. |
| Hypovalemia | Decreased circulating blood volume. |
| Hypoxemia | Low blood oxygen levels |
| Hypoxia | Low tissue oxygen levels. |
| Ileus | Functional loss of intestinal motility. |
| Ischemia | Deficient supply of blood to a body part, such as the heart or brain, caused by obstruction of the inflow of arterial blood. |
| Jugular Vein | Consists of paired veins running in the neck that drain the brain, face, and neck. |
| Mastitis | Inflammation of the mammary gland. Typically occurs during lactation. If endotoxins are absorbed from septic secretions within the udder, endotoxemia can result, and the condition is termed toxic mastitis |
| Metritis | Inflammation of the uterus. This condition can be associated with buildup of septic fluid within the uterus. If endotoxins are absorbed from the septic uterine fluid, endotoxemia can result, and the condition is termed toxic metritis. |
| Multiple Organ dysfunction syndrome | A complication of shock in which generalized microvascular clotting causes sufficient organ damage to result in failure of multiple organs. |
| Perineal | The area between the anus and the dorsal part of the external genitalia, especially in the female. |
| Pneumothorax | Abnormal accumulation of air in the space between the rib cage and the lung. This abnormal air pocket compresses the lung, resulting in respiratory distress. The may collapse |
| Pulse Oximeter | Instrument used to noninvasively measure the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin- value serves as an indirect assessment of the animal’s oxygenation status. |
| Regional nerve blocks | Procedure whereby a relatively small amount of local anesthetic is injected near a nerve, causing desensitization to a larger area on the body |
| Rumen tympany | Rumen distention with air; commonly referred to as bloat. |
| Rumenostomy | Surgical procedure whereby a permanent hole is created from the skin into the rumen. |
| Sepsis | A state of systemic inflammation characterized by deteriorating vital signs and the presence of infection. |
| Syncope | Fainting. |
| Systemic inflammatory Response | Widespread inflammation caused by an underlying disease process. Often causes generalized tissue damage and can be a complication of shock. |
| Tachycardia | Rapid heart rate; the opposite of bradycardia. |
| Tachypnea | Tachypnea Fast, shallow breathing. |
| Thoracocentesis | A procedure in which air or fluid is removed from the chest (pleural space) using a syringe and needle aseptically. |
| Thromboembolism | Formation of a blood clot that lodges in or obstructs a blood vessel. |
| Tracheotomy | Surgical act of making an incision on the ventral aspect of the neck and opening a direct airway through an incision in the trachea. |
| Transfaunation | Transfer of beneficial microorganisms from the rumen of one individual to that of another. |
| Triage | The act of sorting patients quickly into groups on the basis of a rapid initial assessment of disease or injury severity. |
| Tube Cystostomy | Surgical procedure in which a Foley catheter is placed through the abdominal wall and into the bladder. The catheter allows urine to passively drain from the bladder while urolithiasis is managed. |
| Tympany | Hollow sound produced when a body cavity containing air is sharply tapped |
| Urethral process | Condition that occurs when the uterus folds inside-out through an open cervix and protrudes through the vulvar lips. |
| Urolithiasis | The process of forming stones in the urinary tract. |
| Uterine Prolapse | Condition that occurs when the uterus folds inside-out through an open cervix and protrudes through the vulvar lips. |
| Uterine Torsion | Condition in which the uterus twists, preventing delivery of the fetus. Uterine torsion occurs in cattle and in camelids and can be a cause of dystocia. |
| Ventricular premature complexes | Premature contraction of the ventricles, initiated by one of the ventricles from a location other than the normal cardiac conduction system. |
| Ventricular tachcardia | An abnormally high heart rate initiated and sustained by one of the ventricles outside the normal cardiac conduction system. |
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DiamishaValentine
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