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Pharmacology part 1
No math, just drug types and other info
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology | Study of drugs |
| Oral (PO) | Given by mouth |
| Fastest method of delivery for meds | IV |
| IV | Intravenously (into the vein) |
| SQ/SubQ | Subcutaneously |
| IM | Intermuscular (in the muscle) |
| Topical | on the skin/outside of person |
| Ocular | On/In the eye |
| Otic | In the ear |
| Tablets | Small solid dosage of medication |
| Capsules | Gel container with drugs that can't be compressed into tablets |
| Suspension | Liquid with a little bit of drugs - must be shaken to evenly distribute drug evenly |
| Other forms of medication | Powder, injectables, Suppositories (in the rectum melt at body temp), Topical sprays/ointments |
| Dosage is usually determined by | Weight |
| Other considerations for dosage | Genetics, medical history, age, and metabolism |
| Individual variation | Some individuals of species are allergic or sensitive to specific medications |
| Species variation | Some species are ok with a certain medication and some are not |
| If a drug is absorbed more quickly than excreted its called | Toxicity |
| 1970 | Drug safety act |
| Must keep controlled drugs in | a locked safe |
| Who can open the safe? | Licensed vet tech - doctor of veterinary medicine |
| All controlled drugs must be | logged daily, making sure they are accurate and all drugs are accounted for - vet tech |
| who enforces drug laws, and usage | DEA |
| Who can prescribe drugs | only DVM's with a DEA license and number |
| Schedule I | High abuse - No medical use |
| Schedule II | High abuse - accepted medical use |
| Schedule III | Medium abuse - accepted medical use |
| Schedule IV | Low abuse - accepted medical use |
| Schedule V | Very Low abuse - accepted medical use |
| FDA | Approves all drugs for usage |
| Rx | Prescription |
| OTC | Over the counter |
| You can get OTC drugs | Without exam or doctor approval |
| You can get Rx | Only when prescribed by a doctor |
| Corticosteroids | Treat inflammation, inflamed skin, and autoimmune diseases |
| Corticosteroid side effects | PU/PD - increased hunger - weight gain, and more |
| Antibiotics | kills bacteria - NOT VIRUS |
| Broad spectrum | Kills many bacteria |
| Narrow spectrum | Kill less bacteria |
| Antibiotics side effects | Diarrhea, vomiting, and possible allergic reactions |
| Prophylactically | Given preventively |
| What animal is given antibiotic prophylactically? | Livestock |
| What is the problem with giving antibiotic prophylactically | Creates antibiotic resistance |
| Anthelmintic | anti parasitic medication |
| Anthelmintic medication is given prophylactically in | companion animals and livestock |
| Anthelmintic side effect | rare, but vomiting |
| NSAIDS | Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| NSAID treats | Pain. fever, and inflammation |
| NSAID side effects | Vomiting, diarrhea, and kidney toxicity - regular bloodwork for long term usage |
| Diuretics | used to remove inappropriate volumes of water/edema |
| Diuretics side effects | Increased urination (polyuria) - low potassium |
| PU/PD | Polyuria (much pee) - Polydipsia (drink a lot) |
| Antiemetics | Used to suppress urge to vomit |
| Antidiarrheal | Control Diarrhea |
| Anti Histamine | Allergies |
| Stool inducers | Laxities (soften stool), Cathartics (accelerate stool), or enemas (fluid injected into bowels) |
| Side effects with Stool inducers | Dehydration |
| Antitussives | Cough Suppressants |
| Expectorants | thin and loosen mucous |
| I | 1 |
| II | 2 |
| III | 3 |
| IV | 4 |
| V | 5 |
Created by:
RedFlyingThing
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