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Surgery Prep
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Difference between exam and surgery equipment? | Exams are not sterile, surgery equipment must be sterile |
| Stethoscope | Used to listen to heart and lungs |
| Thermometer | Used to take temperature |
| Sphygmomanometer | Blood Pressure |
| Scale | Weight |
| Pen light | Eyes |
| Pen | Quick notes |
| Calculator | Dosage/weight calculation/calculate BPM |
| Watch | Count heart beats |
| Jaws of a tool | Very end of the instrument, the part you are using to clamp/grab/cut with |
| Joint of a tool | The hinge part of the tool |
| Shank of the instrument | The long part of the tool that extends from the ring to the joint of the tool |
| Ring | Handle part where you put your hands |
| Ratchet | A locking mechinism along the shank near the ring. |
| Forceps are used for | Clamping blood vessels or clasping tissue |
| Forceps can come | Curved or Straight |
| Most forceps have | Transverse grooves along the jaw |
| Scissors are used for | Tissue cutting/dissection |
| Scissors tips can be | Blunt or sharp |
| Scissors can come | Curved or straight |
| Scalpel is used to | incise tissue with minimal trauma |
| Incise means to | cut |
| Scalpel holder and blade are | Separate |
| The scalpel blade is | disposable |
| Needle holders | Designed for holding needle, some include scissors near the joint for cutting suture |
| Towel clamps | Keep sterile towels in place during surgery by clamping them to patients skin , can also be used to hold extremities |
| Syringes consist of a | Plunger and a barrel |
| Slip tip | A tip of a syringe in which you simply slip the needle on, less secure than luer lock |
| Luer lock | A screw like tip which allows you to twist and lock the needle into place, the most secure tip |
| Catheter tip | Large and long, used for flushing wounds and feeding tubes |
| Oral syringe | used for oral administration of oral meds, or liquid diet |
| Standard measurement for syringes is | CC/ML |
| Syringes can come in | various sizes from .5ml - 60ml and more |
| Drapes, Gowns, and Towels | May be paper or cloth |
| Drape | Separates the sterile surgical site from the rest of the patient |
| Gown | Allows the vet to operate on the patient, the front above the waist is considered sterile. |
| Towels are | cloth only |
| Towels are used to | absorb fluids, or used as a drape |
| What is the purpose of hand scrubbing | to make sure the surgeons hands are as clean as possible incase the gloves break |
| How many surfaces should you scrub in | 4 |
| NEVER | go back to finished section when scrubbing |
| Always scrub from | the tip of you fingers to the end of your forearms |
| Scrub brush is | soaked with Iodine |
| Don't scrub | to hard to cause abrasions |
| Hands are dried with | a sterile towel |
| Surgical site is | shaved before surgery |
| You shave the surgical site with a | 40 blade |
| Chlorhexidine is | Typically used to scrub a site |
| Dirty scrub | Used to remove physical debris |
| Sterile scrub | used to sterilize surgical site |
| Elective Procedure | A surgical procedure that is not necessary but can improve life/aesthetics |
| Non-elective Procedures | Surgical procedures that must be preformed to save an animals life |
| Ovariohysterectomy | Spay - more invasive - recommended at 6mo |
| Spay complications | Pregnancy, in heat, bleeding, infection, seroma, and reaction to sutures |
| Orchiectomy | Castration/Neuter - less invasive - recommended at 6mo or 1yr for large dogs |
| Neuter complications | hemorrhaging/seroma |
| Cleaning | removes most dirt and impurities from surfaces - with water soap and scrubbing |
| Sanitizing | reduces germs to levels that is acceptable for public health codes. done with weaker bleach solutions after they are clean |
| Disinfecting | Kills most germs on surfaces and objects. Done with stronger chemicals after cleaning. |
| Iodine | Common antiseptic |
| Antiseptic | Made for contact with skin, used to kill microbes on skin/tissue |
| Alcohols | Good for general disinfecting - irritating to tissues |
| Quaternary Ammonias | Commonly used disinfectants |
| Aldehydes | Kills everything - very toxic/irritating to tissue - formaldehyde is a common one |
| Sterilization | kills all microbes |
| All surgery must be | Sterilized! |
| Asepsis | Condition of sterility |
| Aseptic technique | all step to prevent contamination of surgical sites - (scrub, sterilization) |
| Autoclave | Uses steam and pressure to sterilize |
| Gas sterilization | used with tools that withstand heat and steam, can be very toxic and dangerous |
| Cold sterilization | Constantly soaking tools in a cool chemical that is changed often, not the best way of sterilization but it works |
| Dry heat | Exposing a tool to heat or flame to sterilize it |
| Radiation | using UV light and gamma rays - expensive and dangerous |
| Safety risk with autoclave | heat and pressure |
| Ultrasonic cleaner is used | before sterilization to remove hard to reach physical debris |
| Instruments are always | double wrapped |
| Indicator strips | change color when sterile |
| Instrument pouches can autoclave because | they have a porous paper base that allows steam to seep through |
| Instrument pouches are used | to allow for individual tools to be autoclaved, so that doctors can open tools without opening a whole other pack |
Created by:
RedFlyingThing
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