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HORT1001 Wk 11
Plants and Water; Light and Photosynthesis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is turgor pressure and how do leaves compensate when cells begin to lose turgor? | Water pressure inside the cells; reduced bc some water is pulled out of the cells to satisfy the demand from evaporation. Causes relaxation of guard cells, causing stomata to close, shutting off the avenue for gas exchange and main channel for evaporation |
| How can wind result in low turgor pressure? | Breeze will clear water vapor off the surface, resulting in low leaf surface humidity, increasing the rate of transpiration |
| What are three gases that move through the leaf stomata? | Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor |
| What is guttation and what type of water movement mechanism is involved? | Dew-like drops of water that are forced out of leaves; push explanation |
| Identify the source of cohesion, adhesion, and tension in the theory of water movement that goes by that name | Cohesion: hydrogen bonds, water sticks together forming a chain Adhesion: dissimilar molecules stick, water and walls of xylem against gravity Tension: Differential pressure, transpiration, pulls on chain |
| Why do plants suffer nutrient deficiencies when they are grown in high humidity conditions or situations like greenhouses where there is no air movement? | Without air movement or low humidity, transpiration doesn't occur, which is what moves minerals up the plant |
| In what sense does photosynthesis fix carbon? | Photosynthesis removes carbon from the atmosphere and incorporates it into organic molecules which eventually become the plant's leaves, stems, roots, and fruits |
| Where does the carbon come from that is used by photosynthesis, and where does it go within the plant? | CO2 in the atmosphere, into organic molecules |
| What wavelength(s) of light does chlorophyll a absorb? Chlorophyll b? What wavelengths do these 2 molecules reflect? | Both absorb blue and red and reflect green: A: Violet and red B: Blue and orange |
| What pigments make up the antenna complex? | Chlorophyll and accessory pigments that are embedded in the thylakoid membranes; it captures and routes energy from sunlight to a collector (reaction center) |
| How is the energy in light transformed in the Light Reaction? 12H2O -> 6O2 + 24E- + 24H+ | Light is capt. by antenna complex; electrons in chlorophyll jump to higher orbital. Electrons drop back & energy is transf. to a nearby pigment atom. Energy travels down the antenna complex to react. center where water is split into O2, H, & electrons |
| Does the Light Independent Reaction require darkness? | No, but it doesn't require light |
| What sugar is moved throughout the plant through the phloem? | Sucrose |
| Define translocation - what molecules are being transported? | Movement of solutes (molecules dissolved in water) like sucrose from source to sink through the phloem |
| Water is a polar molecule. What does that mean? | The molecule has positive and negative regions. |
| Transpiration does not: | move carbon dioxide from the root system to the leaves. |
| A photoautotroph can: | produce their own organic compounds. |
| Photosynthesis is a process that uses organic molecules. These organic molecules refer to: | carbon atoms derived from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere |
| Photosynthesis includes two reactions. The first one is the Light Reaction, and in that reaction light energy is: | captured by the antenna complex and used to split water. |
| In photosynthesis, light energy is converted to chemical energy that is transported as ________. | Sucrose |
| In the Light Independent Reaction, the energy in the hydrogen ions and electrons is used: | to produce triose phosphate molecules used to produce simple sugar molecules. |
| Sucrose is composed of: | glucose and fructose |
| Sucrose is translocated from: | leaves to roots. |
| Sucrose is translocated in the | phloem |
| The site where the first major chemical reaction in photosynthesis - splitting water - takes place is the: | reaction center |
| Increased carbon dioxide concentrations during plant growth: | may increase the rate of photosynthesis |
| Starch is a long chain of: | Glucose |
Created by:
kylee1542
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