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Endocrine System
A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are endocrine glands? | they secrete tiny amounts of hormones directly into the bloodstream |
| What is the pituitary gland? | an endocrine gland |
| What hormones are associated with the anterior pituitary? | growth, prolactin, thyroid-stimulating, adrenocorticotropic, follicle-stimulating, luteinizing, and melanocyte-stimulating hormone |
| What does the growth hormone do? | stimulates growth in young animals and and helps regulate metabolism |
| What disease processes are associated with growth hormone? | gigantism and pituitary dwarfs |
| What does prolactin do? | trigger and maintain lactation |
| What does the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) do? | stimulates growth and development of the thyroid gland |
| What disease processes are associated with TSH? | hypothyroid and hyperthyroid |
| What are the characteristics of hypothyoid? | overweight, sluggish, poor hair coats |
| What are the characteristics of hyperthyroid? | underweight, really active, hungry |
| What does adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) do? | stimulates the growth and development of the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| What does the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) do? | stimulates the growth and development of follicles in the ovaries |
| What does the luteinizing hormone do? | completes the process of follicle development in the ovary that was started by FSH |
| What does the melanoncyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) do? | control of color changes in the pigment cells |
| What does trophic mean? | a hormone that causes the release of another hormone |
| What two hormones does the thyroid gland produce? | thyroid hormone and calcitonin |
| What does the thyroid hormone do? | helps regulate the body's metabolic rate |
| What does calcitonin do? | helps regulate blood calcium levels |
| What hormone does the parathyroid gland produce? | the parathyroid hormone |
| What does the parathyroid hormone do? | helps maintain blood calcium homeostasis |
| What are the two adrenal glands? | the inner adrenal medulla, and the outer adrenal cortex |
| What hormones do the inner adrenal medulla produce? | epinephrine and norepinephrine |
| What is cushing's disease? | the pituitary gland produces too mcuh ACTH (hormone responsible for cortisol production) |
| What is addison's disease? | not enough adrenal cortisol hormones |
| What causes diabetes melitis? | not enough insulin |
| What causes inslunoma? | too much insulin |
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