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Surgical Nursing

QuestionAnswer
What are the 2 nursing roles in surgical nursing? 1. Circulating Nurse 2. Scrubbed Nurse
What are the roles of the Circulating Nurse? 1. Completes surgical checklist 2. Prep theatre 3. Position patient on table 4. Prep surgical site 5. Assist team putting gloves and gown on 6. Get extra instruments 7. Provide surgical swabs and sutures 8. Help anaesthesia 9. Clean + clear OR
What are the roles of the Scrubbed Nurse? 1. Prep of instrument trolley 2. Keep instruments clean and orderly 3. Keep operating field neat + free of unnecessary instruments 4. Anticipate surgeon's next move 5. Hold instruments 6. Count disposable items before closure
What are the goals of Surgical Nursing? 1. Ensure surgical site stays sterile as well as theatre + equipment 2. Monitor vital signs 3. Maintain all records 4. Stress reduction 5. Assess, plain, implement ad evaluate care 6. Manage nutrition, pain, wounds and wound care, fluids
What is meant when describing a 'Clean' surgical procedure? 1. No break in sterile technique 2. Surgical wound made under aseptic conditions, does not enter contaminated area
What is meant when describing a 'Clean Contaminated' surgical procedure? 1. Minor break in asepsis 2. Surgical wound made under aseptic conditions that enter contaminated area but no spillage or spread of infection
What is an example of a Clean Contaminated surgical procedure? 1. Glove puncture 2. Gastrotomy 3. Enterectomy
What is meant when describing a 'Contaminated' surgical procedure? 1.Major spillage of contaminated material 2. Break in asepsis or entry has been made into area w/ high bacteria 3. Inflammation present but no infection
What is meant when describing a 'Dirty' surgical procedure? 1.Pus present 2.Surgical site known to be infected, a traumatic wounds containing necrotic tissue or foreign bodies
What are some examples of a 'Dirty' surgical procedure? 1. Aural surgery 2. Abscesses 3. Old wounds 4. Ruptured pyometra
What is the role of surgical nurses during the perioperative stage? 1. Emptying digestive tract 2. Clipping 3. Making sure animal is clean
Why do we empty the digestive tract and what are some important things to remember? 1. Avoid regurgitation or inspiration of food 2. Avoid stomach getting in way 3. Withhold food 8hrs for adults 4. Puppies- 6hrs as go hypoglycaemic 5. Rabbits must continue to eat 6. Keep eye on glucose levels for diabetics
What do we look out for when clipping? 1. Hot clippers cause inflammation, not apparent until post op period 2. Do not graze skin 3. Damaging skin leads to a greater post op soreness + licking
What is a haemorrhage? Blood loss during surgery
What does a haemorrhage cause? Hypotension and hypovolaemic shock
What are the signs of a haemorrhage? 1. Shed of blood at surgical site 2. Tachycardia (body tries to compensate) 3. Pallor (MM white) 4. Weak pulse
How do you calculate blood loss? 1. Weigh swabs - deducting weight of dry swabs from those soaked in blood 2. Suction bottle contents 3. Others losses- drapes, under patient, on floor
What are is the goal of fluid replacement with haemorrhages? 1. Oxygen delivery (depends on estimated loss, speed, amount of haemoglobin lost)
What is the calculation of percentage of blood loss? % blood loss= [total blood lost (ml) / normal blood volume (ml)] x 100
What is the normal blood volume for a cat and dog? 1. Dogs - 80/90ml/kg 2. Cats- 60-70ml/kg
Why do we empty the digestive tract before surgery? 1. Do not want stomach to get in the way 2. Do not want regurgitation or inspiration of food
How long must we starve adults for? 1. 8hrs
How long must we starve puppies for? Why is this different to adults? 1. 6hrs 2. Can cause hypogylcaemia
Why do rabbits continue to eat before surgery? 1. They are unable to vomit, so have no risk of regurgitation or vomiting during 2. They have a fast metabolism so long periods without food can cause hypoglycaemia
Created by: robynfutter69
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