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Chapter 5 Crim Just

QuestionAnswer
"Comes Stabuli" A non-uniform, mounted officer. Our modern worlds sheriff and constable are deprived from these early terms.
(1285) Statue of Winchester Specified the creation of the watch and the ward in cities and towns. Required that citizens maintained weapons in their homes for answering the call to arms.
(1720) Gin The invention of Gin is considered to be an important factor in the growth of modern police forces.
The New Police Sir Robert Peel (founder of British policing system in 1829)
The Metropolitan Police were called: "Bobbies" after their founder. They resembled a military organization. They were not immediately well received.
The Early American Experience Early American policing has been described as decentralized, geographically dispersed, and highly personalized.
The Frontier Citizen posses and vigilante groups were often the only law available to settler's on the Western Frontier.
"Lynch law" Vigilante justice created by Charles Lynch, a Virginia farmer in the late 1700's to attempt to police the early Western Frontier.
Other popular lawmen of the West were: Judge Roy Bean - the law West of the Pecos, "wild Bill" Hickok, Bat Masterson, Wyatt Earp, and Pat Garrett.
Policing America's Early Cities Automobiles are important to policing because they create high mobility, they gave rise to state policing agencies they allowed police to maintain constant communication.
Prohibition and Police Corruption (1931) Wicksham Commission - "Prohibition is unenforceable and carried a great potential for corruption."
Scientific Police Management - Applies social scientific techniques to the study of police administration to: Increase effectiveness, and Reduce the frequency of citizen compliants.
National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals - (1973) Called for more women in police work. Called for more minorities in police work. Recommended that a college degree be a prerequisite for employment.
The Kansas City Experiment - (1974) The most famous application of social research. Beginning of traditional scientific police evaluation.
A second Kansas City study focused on "response time" Found that "response time" does not result in a higher number of arrests.
Creation of "directed patrols" Target specific areas at specific times or days. Put officers were crime is most prevalent. Patrol is considered the "backbone" of police work.
3 major jurisdictions exist in the United States Federal State Local
Federal Law Enforcement Agencies There are 21 separate Law Enforcement Agencies. (1924) J. Edgar Hoover was appointed as FBI Director. Hoover was NOT the first director. Hoover is the name closely associated with the FBI.
FBI is divided in to many divisions Criminal Law Enforcement, Identification Division, Crime Laboratory, National Crime Information System, uniform crime reports, and Foreign counter intelligence.
State-Level Agencies Pennsylvania was the first modern, centralized, State Police Agency. Centralized law enforcement agencies combine: Criminal Investigation, and Patrol of state highways. Pennsylvania & Massachusetts were the first to create statewide police forces.
Local Agencies New York City has 40,000 sworn.
Sheriffs departments are responsible for: Patrolling their jurisdiction, serving court papers, maintaining court room security, and running the jail.
Private protection services Private Police Protect PRIVATE INTERESTS. Major reasons for quick growth of private security include... Increase in workplace crimes, increase in the fear of crime, Fiscal crisis of the state, decreased the public protection.
Professionalism of Private Security White-Collar may be substantially underreported in official statistics because private security forces handle most with cases.
Created by: Cats0001
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