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Chapter 34
The immune system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Active immunity | developed from exposure of a pathogen through the process of vaccination. |
| Allergen | pollens in the air that cause an allergic reaction. |
| Antibody | specific proteins produced to protect a new born against disease and attack cells relating to any diseases. |
| Antigen | foreign materials used to create an immune response |
| Antihistamine | drugs used to prevent and control an allergic reaction |
| Atopy | skin or food allergy causing a skin infection |
| Blood titer | measured amount of antigen within the bloodstream |
| Booster series | vaccines placed into the immune system to build up protection and immunity over an amount of time. |
| Colostrum | the mother's first 24 hours of milk after labor, which pass antibodies to the young |
| Edema | buildup of fluid under the skin |
| ELISA | enzyme-linked imunosorbent assays; simple test used to measure an antigne or antibody level within the blood |
| Histamine | chemical released during allergic reaction |
| Hypersensitivity | increased reaction to allergens causing an allergic reaction |
| Immune system | responsible for keeping the body healthy and protecting an animal from disease |
| Immunity | term used to mean protection and begins at birth during the nursing process |
| Infection | the immune system response to an abnormal condition |
| Inflammation | causes white blood cells to build up in the site that is affected and may cause pus to form, redness around the area, warm to hot skin temperatures increased body core temperatures, edema, and pain. |
| Intradermal (ID) | injection given into the layers of skin |
| Intramuscular (IM) | injection given into the muscle |
| Intranasal (IN) | given into the nasal cavity of nostrils |
| Intraocular | into the eyes |
| killed vaccine | manufactured from dead pathogens of a disease and placed into the animal's body in an inactive form |
| Modified live vaccine | made from altered antigens created from disease pathogens that place small amounts of a disease into the animal's body |
| Passive immunity | developed through antibodies acquired from one animal or source to another, as in colostrum, formula or plasma. |
| Pathogen | a disease |
| Plasma | contains natural immunity antibodies that may be given to the newborn in cases when the young have not received adequate amounts of colostrum |
| Primary response | provides antigens that need 3 to 14 days to build an immune response that begins producing antibodies |
| Secondary response | provides a quick repeated exposure to an antigen that creates immunity to prevent disease development |
| SNAP test | test kit equipment that when mixed with the blood is snapped to activate the test |
| Subcutaneous (SQ) | injection given under the skin |
| Vaccination | placed into the body to build up resistance in the immune system to disease. |
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