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HP midterm CH4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Muscular Strength | Amount of force muscle can generate |
| Muscular Strength Primary Factor | Size of the muscle(The larger the muscle, the greater the force produced) |
| Number of muscle fibers recruited during a movement(Factor)= | The more fibers that are stimulated, the greater the force generated |
| Muscular Endurance | Amount of force muscles can generate repeatedly. |
| Isometric action | Actions are static and involve no movement – Occurs during isometric exercise |
| Concentric action (positive work) | Muscle shortens during movement against gravity or resistance – Example: upward arm movement during a bicep curl |
| Eccentric action (negative work) | Muscle lengthens during movement against gravity or resistance – Example: downward arm movement during a bicep curl |
| Isotonic (dynamic exercise) | Movement of a body part at a joint –Most exercise and sports |
| Isometric (static exercise) | Uses muscle tension, but involves no movement –Good way to develop strength after injury |
| Isokinetic | Performed at a constant velocity –Uses machines that provide resistance throughout the full range of motion |
| Slow-twitch fibers | Contract slowly –Generate little force, but are highly resistant to fatigue |
| Fast-twitch fibers | Contract quickly –Generate a lot of force, but fatigue quickly |
| Muscular strength test | One-repetition maximum (1 RM) test |
| Muscular endurance tests | –Push-up test –Sit-up or curl-up test |
| Frequency | Number of training days per week – 2–3 days per week is optimal for strength gains |
| Intensity | Measured by the number of repetition maximums – The number of consecutive repetitions performed without resting in a set |
| Duration (time) | Total number of sets performed – Programs involving 3 sets result in the greatest strength gains |
| Types/modes of programs | – Isotonic—most common – Isometric—least common, Valsalva maneuver – Isokinetic—machines governing speed of movements |
| Set | Number of reps performed consecutively without resting. |
| Reps | How many times you do an exercise in a set. |
| Elite endurance runners/marathoners have | more slow-twitch fibers |
| Elite speed runners/sprinters have | more fast-twitch fibers |
| Fiber recruitment | process involving more muscle fibers to increase muscle force |
Created by:
MathMatt
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