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Soil Science Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Aggregates | The structures formed when soil particles combine with each other |
| Alluvial Soil | Soil particles moved about by water and washed into low-lying areas to form deltas and flood plains |
| Capillary Water | Water held between the soil particles against the force of gravity |
| Clay | The smallest size soil particle; has the ability to hold both nutrients and water in the soil |
| Decomposition | The process in which organic matter is broken down |
| Glacial Soil | Soil created, moved, and deposited by glaciers |
| Gravitational Soil | Water pulled downward in soil by the force of gravity |
| Horizon | A distinct layer of soil in a profile |
| Humus | Plant material or organic matter that reaches the advanced stage of decomposition |
| Hygroscopic Water | Water that forms a thin film around individual soil particles; not available to plants |
| Infiltration | The process of water soaking into the soil |
| Organic Matter | The accumulation of decayed soil or partially decayed plants, animals, and other organisms in the soil |
| Leaching | The process of soil water dissolving minerals, chemicals, and salts |
| Peds | Clusters of soil particles |
| Loess | Soil particles carried and deposited by the wind |
| Mineral Matter | Inorganic material in the soil; formed by weathering of rocks |
| Silt | The mid-size soil particle; has good water holding capacity |
| Permeable | The quality of soil that allows water to infiltrate and percolate |
| Pore Spaces | Spaces between solid particles in the soil that are filled with air or water |
| Percolation | The downward movement of water in the soil |
| Sand | The largest soil particle; helps to improve aeration in the soil |
| Soil Profile | A view of a cross section of soil |
| Soil Structure | The way in which aggregates or clusters are arranged |
| Soil Texture | The proportions of sand, silt, and clay in the soil |
| Subsoil | The B horizon in a soil profile; the layer below the topsoil |
| Tilth | The ease at which soil can be worked to form a good seedbed |
| Topsoil | The top few inches of soil with the greatest fertility |
| Weathering | The process in which the climate literally causes rock to break into small particles forming mineral matter |
Created by:
jbond-ledford
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