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Soil Science
Soil Science in Agscience
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The mineral and organic material on the surface of the earth that supports the growth of terrestrial plants. | Soil |
| The forms of water found in soil: | Gravitational Water Capillary Water Hydroscopic Water |
| The water that drains downward through the soil. | Gravitational Water |
| The water held between soil particles. | Capillary Water |
| Water that sticks to each soil particle. It is not readily available to plants because it moves only in vapor form. | Hydroscopic Water |
| It is made of decaying plant and animal remains. Well-decomposed organic matter is known as humus. Meaning it has higher fertility. | Organic Matter |
| The mass of material and organic matter which decides which soil is formed. It is rock, with shale, limestone, and sandstone being the most common. | Parent Material |
| The proportion of sand, silt, and clay. Texture determines how the soil can be used to grow certain crops. | Soil Texture |
| What are the 8 types of soil structure? | Granular, Plate, Sub-Angular, Blocky, Prismatic, Flat, Single Grain, Columnar |
| The arrangement of soil particles into shapes and pieces. | Soil Structure |
| The ease of working with soil. | Soil Consistency |
| It is the movement of water in soil; internal drainage. It is affected by consistency. | Soil Permeability |
| The moving of surface water into the soil. | Infiltration |
| The movement of water downward through the soil. | Percolation |
| Water molecule's attraction to solid surfaces | Adhesion |
| Water molecules attraction to other water molecules. | Cohesion |
| Film on the water's surface. | Surface Tension |
| If you have 40% sand, 50% Silt, and 9% Clay what texture is the soil? | Loam |
| If you have 98% sand and 2% Silt what texture is the soil? | Sand |
| N-P-K stands for: | Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium |
| If an 80lb bag of fertilizer contains 6-12-8, how many pounds of phosphorus is in the bag? | 9.6 lbs |
| Acidity or alkalinity of the soil. | pH of soil |
| It assists in the creation of proteins. Helps plants recover from damage. Helps resist diseases and tolerates the effects of heat, cold, and drought. | Nitrogen |
| Dark green foliage, weak tissues, succulent vegetive growth, delay in flowering and fruiting, lowers plant resistance to disease. | Excess Nitrogen |
| Stunted growth, pale green to yellow leaves which are smaller than normal | Deficiency in nitrogen |
| Storage for transport and energy in the plant; makes up nucleic acids and other important molecules. | Phosphorus |
| Altered metabolism and growth Stunted Growth Dark green leaves and distorted Leaves and stem turn red and purple | Deficiency in Phosphorus |
| Aids in the regulation of stomata and in general plant health. | Potassium |
| Leaf chlorosis and Marginal Scorch | Deficiency in Potassium. |
| Large in quantity/amount | Bulk |
| Verticle sections that expose the horizon. | Soil Profile |
| A naturally occurring layer found in the soil that is produced parallel to the surface of the land. | Soil Horizon |
| The surface layer made from decomposed and partially decomposed remains of previous surface dwelling organisms (very rich in organic matter, which gives dark coloring.) Must have 20-30% organic matter to be considered this layer. | O Horizon |
| The area where seeds germinate and plant roots grow. Made up of organic matter and mineral matter (typically darker than lower horizons due to organic matter presence) | A Horizon |
| More clay, Less organic matter, Accumulation of clay and mineral matter from the parent material (reddish or brownish in color- iron oxide and clay presence.) Plant roots only grow due to leaching. | B Horizon |
| Consists of lightly broken parent material this is becoming soil through residual weathering. It is considered the "transition layer" between soil and parent material. Plant roots DO NOT reach this layer | C Horizon |
| Consists of unweathered parent material (continuous mass of bedrock.) The oldest and deepest layer. Very difficult to dig through. | R Horizon |
| Make this decimal a percentage. .40 | 40% |
| Why do straws float in a cup of water? | Adhesion |
| How does a needle float on water? | Surface Tension |
| How many 16th's are in 1 inch? | 16 |
Created by:
AnnistonT2008
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