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VET115 Lg. Animal Dz

Animal Health and Disease

TermDefinition
Why does disease occur? -exposure -virulence -stress -unhealthy environment -immune response
Virulence the severity or harmfulness of a disease or poison.
Sources of disease -direct contact, fomites, vectors (insects), soil, water, airborne
Noninfectious Diseases -injury (hernia, lacerations, trauma) -genetic abnormalities (malocclusions, lethal white, conformation) -noxious stimuli (toxic plants, chemicals) -poor nutrition -metabolic disorders (Cushing's disease)
Infectious Diseases -bacteria (Brucellosis, strep, staph, Pasteurella) -viruses (EHV, BVD, influenza) -fungus (ringworm) -parasites (Giardia, EPM, Mange)
Production Large Animals prevention in these animals is crucial, these animals are business and not a pet, herd health is focused rather than individual animal health.
Disease CS's CS: loss of appetite, listless/depressed, droopy ears, spinal area hunched up, head low, separate from herd/group, coughing, wheezing, exercise intolerance.
Hyperthermic the condition of having a body temperature greatly above normal.
Hypothermic lower body temp than normal
Bradycardia slower than normal heart rate
Tachycardia a rapid heartbeat that may be regular or irregular, but is out of proportion to age and level of exertion or activity.
Hypotensive lowering the blood pressure.
Hypertensive high blood pressure
Tachypnea abnormally rapid breathing.
Bradypnea slow respiratory rate
Apnea temporary cessation of breathing, especially during sleep.
Perfusion the passage of blood, a blood substitute, or other fluid through the blood vessels or other natural channels in an organ or tissue.
Sepsis a serious condition resulting from the presence of harmful microorganisms in the blood or other tissues and the body’s response to their presence, potentially leading to the malfunctioning of various organs, shock, and death.
Cyanosis a bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood.
Biosecurity this ensures animals are from a credible source and healthy. Verifies the animal's source, quarantines new stock, performs serological tests/ tx's/vaccs protocols, detailed record keeping.
Stress Sources -weather, nutritional deficiency/oversupply, fatigue, weaning, ammonia buildup, transportation, castration, de-horning, abusive handling.
Social Stress -inter animal aggression (pecking order) -overcrowding in pens/cages (Buller-steer syndrome)
Buller-steer Syndrome an abnormal behavioral trait where steers and bulls are confined in large numbers. The typical buller-steer sexually at- tracts his penmates, who take turns following and mounting the abnormal animal.
Morbidity how many animals succumb to illness, ratio of diseased animals to well animals in a population.
Mortality how many animals die within a sick population, ratio of diseased animals to diseased animals that die.
Common Horse Diseases -colic, lameness, respiratory (Strangles, COPD), encephalomyelitis (EEE, WEE, WNV), rhinopneumonitis, equine influenza, tetanus, parasites, EHV, West Nile.
Common Cattle Diseases -BVD, BRSV, IBR, lepto, E. coli, Johne's Dz, mastitis, milk fever, ketosis, LDA/RDA, bloat, hardware dz, shipping fever complexes, parasites, foot rot, grass tetany, clostridial dz's
Common Goat/Sheep Diseases -enterotoxemia, Johne's Dz, bloat, foot rot, pneumonia, pregnancy toxemia, tetanus, clostridial dz, grass tetany, parasites.
Commone Swine Diseases -atrophic rhinitis, E. coli, pseudorabies, transmissible gastroenteritis, parasites, PEDV
Created by: Riley.Scherf
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