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VET 111 Week 9
Ch 13, 14, 15 Diseases of Small, Exotic pets
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What species primarily suffers from malocclusion of teeth? | Rabbits, Guinea pig, Chinchillas, and rodents |
| What is malocclusion of teeth also known as? | Slobbers |
| T/F: You can treat malocclusion of teeth by trimming them. | True |
| What can malocclusion cause? | Oral abscess |
| T/F: Malocclusion is genetically linked | True |
| What is Pasteurellosis caused by? | Pasteurella multocida |
| T/F: Pasteurellosis is easy to cure. | False; Pasteurellosis is difficult to cure |
| What are the clinical signs for Pasteurellosis? | Nasal and ocular discharge, dyspnea, Sneezing, rough hair coat |
| How is Pasteurellosis diagnosed? | CS, Culture |
| How is Pasteurellosis treated? | Antibiotics, Supportive care |
| What species does Pasteurellosis affect? | Rabbits |
| What do guinea pigs lack? | The enzyme needed to synthesize vitamin C. |
| What results from lack of dietary vitamin C? | Scurvy |
| When do clinical signs for scurvy apear? | 1 to 2 weeks after deficiency occurs |
| What are the clinical signs for scurvy? | Reluctance to move, painful movement, inflamed joints, unkept appearance, sudden death |
| How is scurvy diagnosed? | CS and Hx of improper diet |
| How is scurvy treated? | Daily administration of vitamin C for 1-2 weeks |
| How long is Vitamin C viable in food for? | 90 days |
| Although wet tail is seen in all rodents, it is commonly associated with what species? | Hamsters |
| What is the morbidity and mortality of wet tail? | High morbidity, High mortality |
| What are contributing factors to wet tail? | Stress, transport, overcrowding, surgery, dietary changes |
| What are the clinical signs of wet tail? | Diarrhea in cage and in perineal area |
| How is wet tail diagnosed? | PE plus culturing the lesions |
| How is wet tail treated? | Supportive care |
| What is the most common endocrine disease in older ferrets? | Adrenal Gland Disease |
| What are the clinical signs of Adrenal Gland Disease? | Progressive bilateral alopecia, pruritus, enlarged vulva in females, urethral obstruction in males due to enlarged prostate |
| How is Adrenal Gland Diseases diagnosed? | CS, palpation of adrenal glands, CBC, Chemistry, Ultrasound |
| What is the best option for treating Adrenal Gland Diseases? | Surgical removal of diseased gland |
| What type of ferrets are insulinomas common in? | Middle-aged to older |
| What are the clinical signs of insulinomas? | Hypoglycemia, Weakness/collapse, Seizures, Muscle fasciculations, Hypothermia |
| What level do blood glucose levels need to be less than to diagnose an insulinoma in a ferret? | less than 60 mg/dl |
| T/F: Surgery is not curative for an insulinoma but can slow progression of the disease. | True |
| What can be applied onto the mucous membranes of the oral cavity of a ferret to treat an insulinoma? | Corn syrup |
| T/F: Ferrets are not susceptible to canine distemper virus. | False; Ferrets are highly susceptible to canine distemper |
| What are the early clinical signs of canine distemper in ferrets? | Chin dermatitis to thick, brown crusting of eyelids and nose, hyperkeratosis |
| What are the intermediate clinical signs of canine distemper in ferrets? | Fever, anorexia, mucopurulent ocular and nasal discharge, pneumonia, rectal prolapse |
| What are the end stage signs of canine distemper in ferrets? | Seizures, ataxia, coma, hypersalivation; "screaming fits" |
| How do you get a definitive diagnosis of canine distemper in ferrets? | Ab titer |
| T/F: Canine distemper has a 100% mortality | True |
| When do most ferrets with canine distemper die? | 10 to 14 days post CS |
| T/F: Ferrets can catch human influenza | True |
| What animal does capture stress affect? | Birds |
| What happens with capture stress that causes acute death? | Heart failure, aortic rupture |
| What are the names of internal parasites that affect birds? | Giardia, Eimeria, and Isospora |
| Which birds are internal parasites common in? | Turkeys and chickens |
| What are the CS of internal parasites? | Diarrhea, weight loss, decreased egg production |
| How are internal parasites diagnosed? | CS, Fecal float or direct smear |
| How are internal parasites treated? | Ivermectin/metronidazole, clean the environment and remove source of infection |
| What is psittacosis caused by? | Chlamydia psittici |
| Which species are more susceptible to psittacosis? | Amazons and Macaws |
| T/F: Psittacosis Is not zoonotic | False; psittacosis is zoonotic |
| What are the clinical signs of psittacosis? | Diarrhea, anorexia, depression, conjunctivitis, sinusitis, sneezing |
| How is psittacosis diagnosed? | CS, ELISA, CBC, Cytology |
| How is psittacosis treated? | Tetracycline/doxycycline and supportive care |
| What are the clinical signs of Air sacculitis/Pneumonia? | Dyspnea, Nasal discharge, cough, sneezing, tail bobbing, open mouth breathing, abnormal voice or breathing noise |
| How is Air sacculitis/Pneumonia diagnosed? | CS, PE, Hx, Radiograhy |
| How is Air sacculitis/Pneumonia treated? | Oxygen therapy, Nebulization of delivery of antibiotics, Removal of toxin |
| What is Air sacculitis/Pneumonia caused by? | Toxic chemicals in the air |
| What animals does gout affect? | Birds and reptiles |
| What is gout an accumulation of? | Uric acid or urates |
| What are the clinical signs of gout? | Swollen and painful joints, Anorexia, Lethargy |
| How is gout diagnosed? | Radiography, Elevated blood uric acid levels, Tophi in joints/viscera |
| What is used to treat gout | Allopurinol |
| What disease in reptiles is caused by poor husbandry, inadequate diet, cool temperatures, poor sanitation, and bacteria? | Pneumonia |
| What are the CS of pneumonia in reptiles? | Open mouth breathing, Extension of neck, Discharge from nares, Anorexia |
| How is pneumonia treated? | Increase in environmental temperature, Antibiotics, Fluids and force feed |
| What is Metabolic/Nutritional Bone Disease in lizards caused by? | Lack of vitamin D and calcium |
| What are the CS of Metabolic/Nutritional Bone Disease in lizards? | Bone deformities, pathologic fractures of bones, muscle weakness |
| How is Metabolic/Nutritional Bone Disease in lizards treated? | Natural sunlight, Ultraviolet B transmitting lights, Dust crickets with calcium carbonate |
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Acraft02
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