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Vet 111 Week 8
Diseases of Respiratory Systems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the functions of the respiratory tract? | Removes carbon dioxide from blood stream, Transports oxygen to bloodstream, Temperature regulation, pH regulation |
| What makes up the upper respiratory tract? | Hard palate, Turbinate's, Nasal cavity, Frontal sinus, Pharynx, Tongue, Soft palate, Epiglottis, Larynx, Trachea, Esophagus |
| What makes up the lower respiratory tract? | Epiglottis, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchus, Bronchial tree, Alveolar duct, lungs, alveolus, alveolar sac, pleural covering |
| What are the normal defense mechanisms in respiratory disease? | Cough, Sneeze, Mucociliary escalator, Inflammation |
| What is Rhinitis? | Irritation and swelling of the mucous membrane in the nose. |
| What is Sinusitis? | Inflammation, or swelling, of the tissue lining the sinuses. |
| What is Laryngitis? | Inflammation of the larynx. |
| What is tracheitis? | Infection of the trachea. |
| What is Bronchitis? | Inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes. |
| What is Tracheobronchitis? | Inflammation affecting the lower respiratory tract: the trachea or windpipe and the bronchi |
| What is Pneumonitis/Pneumonia? | Inflammation/infection of lung tissue. |
| What are the clinical signs of Rhinitis? | Serous, Mucoid, or Mucopurulent nasal discharge, Sneezing, Pawing at nose, Encrustation of nares |
| How is Rhinitis diagnosed? | Clinical signs |
| How is Rhinitis treated? | Cleaning of nares, soothing ointment, treatment of underlying disease |
| What is Epistaxis? | Nosebleed |
| How is Epistaxis diagnosed? | Radiograph, Endoscopy, Biopsy |
| How is Epistaxis treated? | Stop the bleeding |
| What should be used to treat Epistaxis if there's a coagulation problem? | Vitamin K |
| What is typically the cause of Sinusitis? | Tooth root abscess |
| What are the clinical signs of Sinusitis? | Unilateral nasal discharge, Swelling under eye |
| How is Sinusitis diagnosed? | Exam nasal and oral cavities, radiography, culture and sensitivity |
| How is Sinusitis treated? | Antibiotics or antifungals, root canal or tooth extraction |
| What history must a canine have for Infectious Canine Tracheobronchitis (Kennel Cough Complex)? | Exposure to other animals (kennel) |
| What are the clinical signs of Infectious Canine Tracheobronchitis (Kennel Cough Complex)? | Dry hacking cough, Dyspnea and Tachypnea |
| How is mild Infectious Canine Tracheobronchitis (Kennel Cough Complex) treated? | Self limiting |
| How is severe Infectious Canine Tracheobronchitis (Kennel Cough Complex) treated? | Antibiotics, cough suppressant |
| When preventing Infectious Canine Tracheobronchitis (Kennel Cough Complex), how should the vaccine be given? | Intranasal |
| How long before boarding should canines be vaccinated for Infectious Canine Tracheobronchitis (Kennel Cough Complex)? | 2-3 weeks |
| T/F: Feline Rhinotracheitis is a herpes virus. | True |
| How long can cats shed Feline Rhinotracheitis post infection? | 3 weeks |
| What are the clinical signs of Feline Rhinotracheitis? | Sneezing, Conjunctivitis, Fever, Depression, Anorexia, Excessive Salivation |
| How is Feline Rhinotracheitis diagnosed? | Clinical signs |
| How is Feline Rhinotracheitis treated? | Supportive care (fluids, force feed), decrease stress, antibiotics |
| T/F: Owners can be mechanical vectors of Feline Rhinotracheitis | True |
| What is Feline Calicivirus resistant to? | Disinfectants |
| What are the clinical signs of Feline Calicivirus? | Fever, conjunctivitis, Pneumonia, Septic arthritis, Ulcers and kin loss on face, feet, and nose; Serous ocular/nasal d/c, oral ulcers with salivation |
| How is Feline Calicivirus diagnosed? | Clinical signs |
| How is Feline Calicivirus treated? | Supportive care, antibiotics |
| Which dogs suffer from collapsing trachea most often? | Middle age to old, obese, toy and miniature breeds |
| How is collapsing trachea diagnosed? | Tracheal palpation, radiograph, bronchoscopy |
| How is collapsing trachea treated? | Surgical implantation, weight loss |
| What are the clinical signs of Feline asthma/Chronic Bronchitis? | Severe tachypnea, dyspnea, open mouth breathing, wheeze, cough |
| How is Feline asthma/Chronic Bronchitis diagnosed? | CS, Hx, Radiographs, bronchoscopy |
| How is Feline asthma/Chronic Bronchitis treated? | Oxygen, corticosteroids, bronchodilators |
| What is Pleural Effusion? | Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space surrounding the lungs |
| What is Pleural Effusion caused by? | Congestive heart failure, infection, neoplasia |
| What are the CS of Pleural Effusion? | Dyspnea, tachypnea, cough, pleural pain |
| How is Pleural Effusion Diagnosed? | Radiographs, thoracocentesis |
| How is Pleural Effusion treated? | Treat underlying disease |
| What is Pulmonary Edema? | Accumulation of fluid IN the lungs |
| What is Pulmonary Edema caused by? | Decreased oncotic pressure, heart failure, electrocution |
| What are the clinical signs of Pulmonary Edema? | Dyspnea and tachypnea, coughing |
| How is Pulmonary Edema diagnosed? | Radiographs |
| How is Pulmonary Edema treated? | Oxygen, diuretics, treat underlying causes |
| What are the clinical signs of Pneumonia? | Dyspnea and tachypnea, coughing, fever, anorexia |
| How is Pneumonia diagnosed? | CBC, radiograph, +/- tracheal wash, +/- culture and sensitivity |
| How is Pneumonia treated? | Antimicrobials, Hydration, Oxygen |
| What are the two types of Pulmonary Neoplasia? | Primary and Metastatic |
| What age of dogs do primary neoplasia's primarily affect? | 9-12 |
| What are the clinical signs of Pulmonary Neoplasia's? | Cough, Exercise intolerance, weight loss |
| How are Pulmonary Neoplasia's diagnosed? | Radiographs; Biopsy of primary tumors |
| How are Pulmonary Neoplasia's treated? | Surgery, Chemotherapy |
| What is the prognosis for Pulmonary Neoplasia's? | Guarded to grave |
| What are the clinical signs of Pneumonia in reptiles? | Open mouth breathing, Extension of neck, discharge from nares, anorexia |
| How is pneumonia treated in reptiles? | Increase environmental temperature, antibiotics, fluids and force feed |
Created by:
Acraft02
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