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VET 111 Week 6
Neurologic Diseases
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the Central Nervous System contain? | Brain and Spinal Cord |
| What does the Peripheral Nervous System contain? | Cranial Nerves and Peripheral Nerves |
| T/F: Brain trauma is encountered frequently | True |
| What are the clinical signs of brain trauma? | History of head trauma, Seizures, Blood in ears, nose, oral cavity, ocular hemorrhage, abnormal pupil response, loss of consciousness |
| Which brain trauma event is caused by direct injury to nervous tissue? | Primary event |
| Which brain trauma event is caused by increased intracranial pressure which damages brain tissue further? | Secondary event |
| What is the treatment for brain trauma? | Oxygen, Elevate Head, Osmotic agents, anti-seizure medication, corticosteriods |
| What are the clinical signs of Idiopathic Vestibular Disease? | Loss of balance, head tilt, ataxia, nystagmus, disorientation |
| What is the treatment for Idiopathic Vestibular Disease? | Supportive care |
| What is epilepsy? | Repeated episodes of seizures |
| What are the causes of epilepsy at 1 to 3 years of age? | Idiopathic |
| What are the clinical signs of epilepsy? | Seizures |
| How is epilepsy diagnosed? | Diagnosis of exclusion |
| How is epilepsy treated? | Phenobarbital +/- Potassium Bromide |
| T/F: Epilepsy is curable | False |
| Where is the spinal cord located? | Within the spinal canal, dorsal to the vertebra. bodies |
| What is Intervertebral Disk Disease? | Protrusion of disks into spinal canal placing pressure on the spinal cord |
| T/F: Intervertebral Disk Disease occurs in all dog breeds | True |
| What percent of chondrodystrophic breeds have degenerative disk changes by 1 year of age? | 75-100% |
| What are the clinical signs of Intervertebral Disk Disease? | Paresis or Paralysis, Pain, Acute onset |
| How is Intervertebral Disk Disease diagnosed? | Age, breed, clinical sigs, and history, neurologic exam, Radiographs, Myelogram |
| How is Intervertebral Disk Disease treated? | Corticosteroids, muscle relaxants, pain medication, surgery, prosthesis |
| What percent of Intervertebral Disk Disease that is treated reoccurs with more severe signs? | 40% |
| What causes deafness? | Result of chronic otitis, rupture of tympanic membrane, or damage to middle ear, hereditary (Dalmatians, blue-eyed white cats)(congenital), Aging, Ototoxic drugs |
| What are the clinical signs of deafness? | Lack of response to auditory stimuli, excessive sleeping |
| How is deafness diagnosed? | Lack of response to loud noise (difficult to establish) |
| What age and breeds more commonly are affected by laryngeal paralysis? | Middle aged to old, large and giant breeds |
| What are the clinical signs of laryngeal paralysis? | Inspiratory stridor, respiratory distress, loss of endurance, voice change, dyspnea, cyanosis |
| How is laryngeal paralysis diagnosed? | Laryngoscopy |
| How is laryngeal paralysis treated? | Surgery |
| What are the clinical signs of Myasthenia Gravis? | Generalized weakness of skeletal muscles, collapse, exercise intolerance as a result of extreme fatigue, muscle atrophy, decrease in normal reflexes |
| How is Myasthenia Gravis diagnosed? | Serum antibodies against ACh receptors |
| How is Myasthenia Gravis treated? | Supportive treatment, Anticholinesterase and immunosuppressive drugs |
| What are the clinical signs of rabies? | Behavior changes, difficulty swallowing, hypersalivation, hind-limb ataxia or paralysis, depression or stupor |
| How is rabies diagnosed? | Postmortem exam of brain |
Created by:
Acraft02
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