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clin path review
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| tylenol toxicity in dogs may cause the what in erythrocytes? | heinz bodies |
| T or F the PCV is 1/3 the value of the Hgb value? | False |
| denatured Hgb found in an erythrocyte is known as? | heinz body |
| the tx for FIA is? | doxycycline |
| neutrophilia means? | increased # of neutrophils |
| which tube is unsuitable for chemistry tests? | purple |
| which tube should be used for clotting tests? | blue |
| which type of blood cell is the most immature wbc found in the bone marrow and rarly to never found in the blood stream? | myeloblast |
| which type of erythrocyte may be found in the blood stream. this red blood cell has a speckled appearance w/ new methylene blue stain? | reticulocyte |
| reticulocytes are larger or smaller than a mature RBC? | larger |
| reticulocytes contain what? | residual RNA remanents |
| more oxygen molecules are released under which conditions? | increased temp. and increased DPG production |
| hematopoiesis means? | production of all blood cells |
| carboxyhemoglobin means? | Hgb has a higher affinity for CO than O2 |
| leukocytosis means? | increased # of WBC |
| hypochromasia? | erythrocytes stain pale pink |
| polychromasia? | blue staining |
| anisocytosis? | variation in erythrocyte size |
| basophilic stippling is often associated w/? | lead posioning |
| dark staining, basophilic "spot", found in erythrocytes and is a RNA remanent? | howell-jolly body |
| fragmented RBC's? | schistocytes |
| which type of leukocyte is not normally sampled in an excited animal? resulting in an increase in TWBC | marginated neutrophil |
| vacutainer system order of draw? | tiger, red, blue, green, purple, gray |
| syringe method order of draw? | blue, green, purple, gray, red, tiger |
| acanthocyte? | irregular elongated projections from the cell margins |
| hypersegmented neutrophil? | aged neutrophil |
| poikilocytosis? | variation in cell shape |
| hemoptysis? | coughing up blood |
| epitaxis? | bleeding from nose |
| deficiency of platelets can cause what? | petechiation |
| eccymosis? | bruising |
| normal platelet count and life span? | 200,00-500,000; 7-10 days |
| how do you count platelets? | from a blood smear count 10 fields at 100x, take avg. and multiply by 15,000 |
| 3 common causes of thrombocytopenia? | increase destruction, bone marrow defects, increased consumption |
| methemoglobin? | the FE molecule is oxidized to FE(^+3) |
| life span os an erythrocyte in a dog? | 110 days |
| neutrophil barr body? | x chromosome remanent |
| rouleaux | "stacking" of RBC's |
| normocytic? | normal sized (mature) erythrocytes |
| hypochromic? | decrease in staining intensity b/c of decrease in Hgb=iron deficiency |
| echinocytes (burr cells)? | RBC's look like pom poms sign of crenation |
| spherocytes suggest what? | immune mediated hemolytic anemia |
| spherocyte? | smaller, dark, and lack central pallor RBC's |
| aggultination? | clumping of RBC's |
| name 3 finding that may be found in a normal blood smear from a cat? | rouleaux, howell-jolly bodies, and doehle bodies |
| howell-jolly body? | basophilic nuclear remanents |
| where are doehle bodies found? | wbc's |
| where are heinz, howell-jolly, rouleaux, and basophilic stippling found? | rbc's |
| crenation? | destruction of RBCs |
| reticulocyte? | immature rbc that is larger and bluish color |
| other names for hemobartonella felis? | (FIA) feline infectious anemia and mycoplasma felis |
| other name for hemobatonella canis | mycoplasma canis |
| anaplasma marginale is transmitted how? tx? | ticks, needles; tetracylines, imidiocarb |
| anaplasma phagocytophilium is transmitted how and how do you test for it? | ticks; idexx 4dx |
| babesia is transmitted how and treated with what? | ticks; imidiocarb |
| cytauzoon felis is transmitted how? clinical signs? tx? morphology? | ticks; hemolytic anemia, jaundice, fever, death; no treatment; like a ring |
| Pyruvate kinase deficiency in basenji causes what? | decrease in ATP and RBCs don't live as long |
| total plasma protein is measured w/ what device and in what units? | refractometer; g/dl |
| MCV? MCH? MCHC? | mean corpuscular volume (RBC size), mean corpuscular Hgb, mean corpuscular Hgb concentration |
| PCV normal range? | 37-55% |
| how do you find the TWBC count using the hemocytometer? | total # in grid + 10% of total # in grid x 100 |
| how do you find the TRBC count? | it will be given |
| how do you perform a WBC differential? | manually from a blood smear % |
| how do you calculate the absolute WBC numbers? | TWBC count x 100% of WBC diff. |
| how do you calculate the MCV? normal range? | PCV x 10/TRBC count =fl; normal range is 66-77fl |
| what terms are used to describe MCHC? | hypchromic or normochromic |
| how do you calculate MCHC? | Hgbx100/PCV= gm/dl |
| what terms are used to describe MCV? | microcytic, macrocytic, or normocytic |
| how do you calculate MCH? | Hgbx10/RBC(10^6)= pg(picograms) |
| macrocytic + hypochromic = ? | regenerative anemia ^reticulocytes |
| normocytic + normochromic =? | non-regenerative anemia few reticulocytes and indicates a bone marrow defect |
| microcytic + hypochromic =? | iron deficiency |
| 3 major causes of high WBC? | bacterial infection (sepsis), non septic inflammation (pancreatitis, toxins, snake bite), and neoplasms |
| regenerative left shift? | elevated TWBC, bands are less or equal to segs |
| degenerative left shift | normal or lower TWBC, bands exceed segs |
| 6 changes seen in stress/ corticosteroid response? | moderate leukocytosis, mature neutrophilia, lymphopenia and eosinopenia, no left shift, monocytosis, neutro's go to circulating pool fast |
Created by:
supersam1314
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