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Surgical Nursing
Preoperative Considerations
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Asepsis | The absence of pathogenic microorganisms that cause infection |
| Traumatic | Pertaining to, resulting from, or causing trauma |
| Atraumatic | Not producing injury or damage |
| Box Lock | Hinged part of a needle holder, tissue forceps, or hemostatic forceps |
| Shank | Portion of a surgical instrument that connects the handle with the working end |
| Serrated | Having a sawlike edge or border |
| Swage | To fuse, as suture material to the end of a suture needle |
| Memory (Suture) | A property of some synthetic fibers that encourages the spontaneous untying of knots; the ability or tendency of the suture to return to its original packaged form |
| Flexibility (Suture) | The state of being unusually pliant; the ease with which the suture is manipulated, either by the surgeon or in the tissue |
| Absorbable (Suture) | A strand of organic or synthetic material used for closing wounds that becomes dissolved in the body fluids and disappears |
| Capillarity | The action by which the surface of a liquid where it is in contact with a solid is elevated or depressed |
| Signalment | The part of the veterinary medical history dealing with the animal's age, sex, breed, and reproductive status |
| Chief Complaint | The most apparent clinical sign in a patient's illness; asked while taking a history and is the reason for the visit |
| Auscultation | Listening with a stethoscope |
| Premedication | Preliminary medication, particularly internal medication, to produce sedation or narcosis before general anesthesia |
| Balanced Anesthesia | Anesthesia protocol that offsets the depressing effects of anesthetic agents on the motor, sensory, reflex, and mental aspects of nervous system function by combining different agents |
| Niciception | The transaction, conduction, and CNS processing of nerve signals generated by the stimulation of certain receptors; used to describe three neuralgic phases of the pain pathway - transduction, transmission, and modulation |
| Agonist | A drug that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce a physiologic reaction; a drug that binds to a receptor and causes it to express its function |
| Antagonist | Drugs that bind to receptors and block their action |
| Pure Agonists | Bind and stimulate all types of opioid receptors, causing maximum analgesia |
| Agonist-Antagonist | Bind to more than one type of opioid receptor, having an effect at one type but blocking effects at another receptor |
| Prophylaxis | Use of an agent to prevent disease |
| Perioperative Prophylaxis | The administration of antibiotics just before and during surgery |
| Peripheral Catheter | Catheter that is placed in the limbs |
| Over-the-Needle Catheter | An IV catheter system in which the needle is inside the catheter. The catheter itself sits over the needle and is advanced once the needle has entered the vessel |
| Butterfly Catheter | A small-gauge needle with a plastic set of "wings" just below the needle hub that make holding the needle easier and more stable |
| Injection Cap | A plug that fits into the end of an IV catheter and allows for the injection of substances into that catheter |
| Macrodrip Set | An IV set with a drop factor of 15 drops per milliliter |
| Microdrip Set | An IV set with a drop factor of 60 drops per milliliter |
| Central Venous Pressure (CVP) | The pressure of blood in the right atrium |
| Urine Scald | Moist irritating effect of urine in contact with the skin |
| Viricidal | An agent that kills viruses |
| Fungicidal | An agent that destroys fungus |
| Fungistatic | A substance that inhibits the growth of fungus |
| Bactericide | Agent that destroys (kills) bacteria |
| Endogenous Contamination | Contamination from the patient |
| Exogenous Contamination | Contamination that comes from the surgical team or the environment |
| Surgical Hand Scrub | Process of removing as many microorganisms as possible from nails, hands, and arms by mechanical washing and chemical antisepsis before participating in a surgical procedure |
| Surgical Nurse | Sterile person who assists with surgical duties such as passing instruments, retracting tissue, and maintaining hemostasis |
| Surgical Hand Rub | A scrubless, brushless, waterless antiseptic hand preparation product used during the process of scrubbing in for surgery |
| Sterile | Free from all living microorganisms, including spores |
| Surgical Conscience | The commitment of surgical personnel to adhere strictly to aseptic technique, because anything less could increase the potential risk of infection, resulting in harm to the patient |
| Sterile Field | A microorganism-free area; any area (person, table, or patient) that has been covered with a sterile barrier |
| Strike-Through Contamination | Contamination that occurs when liquids soak through a drape from a sterile area to an unsterile area, or vice versa |
| Circulating Nurse | A non sterile person who opens items for the surgical team and helps maintain surgical conscience |
Created by:
KaleighMichelle
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