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anesthesia terms
Weeks 1 through 4 terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Freedom from or the absence of pain or pain perception | Analgesia |
| Profound state of sedation and analgesia Combination of a opioid and Tranquilizer | Neuroleptanalgesia |
| State of reduces anxiety and relaxation still aware of surroundings , NO CNS depression | Tranquilization |
| State of CNS depression and drowsiness | Sedation |
| artificially induced sleep or trance from which a patient can be aroused | Hypnosis |
| Drug induced sleep from which they are not easily aroused | Narcosis |
| Loss of sensation in a body par or in the whole body | Anesthesia |
| concurrent administration of 2 or more drugs, smaller concentration of each Maxamizes the benefits and minimizes the advers effects | Balances multimodal anesthesia |
| Group of drugs with the potential for abuse and addiction | Controlled substance |
| ability of a muscle to develop force for a length of time | Contractility |
| Streatching of the Myocardium prior to contraction/ ventricular stretch at the end of Diastole | Preload |
| systemic vascular resistance, the amount of pressure resistance the LV must overcome to open the aortic valve | Afterload |
| The amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute | Cardiac output |
| the amount of blood pumped out of the LV per beat contraction | Stroke volume |
| this device measures the electrical conductivity in the heart | Electrocardiogram |
| pressure exerted by the blood, The lateral force exerted on the arterial wall | Blood pressure |
| exchange of O2 and CO2 across a membrane | Respiration |
| gas exchange between air and pulmonary capillaries | External respiration's |
| Gas exchange between blood and tissues/ cells | internal respiration's |
| movement of gas into and out off the lungs | ventilation |
| Blood flow to a tissue or capillary bed | Perfusion |
| volume of air inspired and expired during one breath | Tidal volume |
| Air inspired and expired during 1 minute | minute volume |
| volume of air / breath that does not participate in gas exchange | dead space |
| air remaining in the lungs after maximum expiration | residual Volume |
| owner agrees to procedure and acknowledges full understanding of the risks involved probable consequences and any alternative procedures/therapies | Informed consent |
| rumbling sound in the SI from movement of gasses | Borborygmi |
| refers to the excretion of urine with a SG less than that of protein free plasma – decreased reabsorption of water by the kidneys | Hyposthenuria |
| refers to the excretion of urine with a SG neither greater or less than that of the protein free plasma (1.008 – 1.012) | Isothenuria |
| Unpleasant sensation ranging from mild, localized discomfort to agony | pain |
| Drug that reduce perception of pain +/- loss of sensation or consciousness | Analgesia |
| Processing of a noxious stimulus, resulting in perception of pain in the brain | Nociception |
| Thoracic & abdominal organs Poorly localized Cramping or “gnawing” | Visceral Pain |
| Joints, Muscles, Bones Superficial Easily localized Aching, stabbing, or throbbing Ex: Cutaneous pain after an operation Deep Dull ache Ex: Sprains, muscle pain | Somatic pain |
| Caused by injury or trauma to peripheral nerve or CNS Burning, Shooting, Tingling; Intermittent | Neuropathic Pain: |
| Administer analgesics before noxious stimuli are applied | Pre-emptive Analgesia: |
| Increased response to a NORMALLY PAINFUL stimulus | Hyperalgesia: |
| Painful response to a NORMALLY NONPAINFUL stimulus | Allodynia: |
| Concurrent hyperalgesia AND allodynia | Wind up Phenomenon |
| Noxious stimulus (mechanical, chemical or thermal) is converted into electrical energy at the peripheral nociceptor | Transduction |
| Pain impulse transmitted via depolarization from the nociceptor Sensory nerve Spinal cord Brain | Transmission |
| Pain signal can be modified in the spinal cord or brain by various neurotransmitters | Modulation |
| Recognition/interpretation of pain impulse at conscious level | Perception |
| Patient leaves normal state of consciousness and Enters an unconscious state | induction |
| State of controlled & reversible unconsciousness | general anesthesia |
| Rapidly administer a calculated dose as one smooth unit | Bolus induction |
| Administer 1/4 to 1/3 increments of a calculated dose until desired anesthetic depth is reached | Titration |
| Administer micro-doses over an extended period of time to maintain a steady plane of anesthetic depth | Constant Rate Infusion (CRI) |
| Appear awake but are immobile & unaware of surroundings | Dissociative State” or “Catalepsy” |
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Corgimom
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