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Blesi8e Ch15 Terms
[MA1] The Respiratory System [Tier 01]
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| allergic rhinitis | inflammation of the nose caused by an allergy |
| alveoli | microscopic air sacs in the lung |
| angiography | a radiologic study of a artery using a radiopaque medium |
| apnea | the absence of breathing. |
| arteriography | a radiologic study of an artery using a radiopaque medium |
| asthma | an allergic reaction to a substance resulting in wheezing, shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing. |
| atelectasis | lack of air in the lungs caused by the collapse of the alveoli of the lungs |
| bleb | a bubble-like structure from destroyed alveoli |
| bronchi | the primary division of the trachea |
| bronchiole | small terminal branches of the bronchi that lack cartilage |
| bronchitis | inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tree |
| carbon dioxide | a gas found in the air, exhaled by all animals; the chemical formula is CO2 |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | a syndrome characterized by chronic bronchitis, asthma and emphysema, or any combination of these conditions, resulting in dyspnea, frequent respiratory infections and thoracic deformities from attempting to breathe |
| cilia | hair-like projections from epithelial cells, as in the bronchi |
| cyanosis | a bluish discoloration of the skin caused by lack of oxygen |
| diaphoresis | profuse sweating |
| dyspnea | difficult or labored breathing |
| emphysema | a chronic lung disease characterized by overdistension of the alveolar sacs and inability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| empyema | exudate (pus) within the pleural space of the chest cavity |
| epiglotis | a cartilaginous lid that closes over the larynx when swallowing |
| expectorated | to spit, to expel mucus or phlegm from the throat or lungs. |
| expiration | the expulsion of air from the lungs in breathing |
| fibrosis | abnormal formation of fibrous tissue |
| hemothorax | blood within the pleural space of the chest cavity |
| hiccup (hiccough) | a result of the spasmodic closing of the epiglottis and spasms of the diaphragm |
| histoplasmosis | a fungal infection caused by an organism found in bird and bat droppings |
| hypoxia | a lack of oxygen |
| influenza | an acute illness characterized by fever, pain, coughing and general upper respiratory symptoms |
| inspiration | to breath in, inhale |
| intubation | insertion of a tube into the larynx for entrance of air |
| laryngectomy | surgical removal of a portion of the vertebral posterior arch |
| laryngitis | inflammation of the vocal cords |
| larynx | the voice box |
| legionnaires' disease | an acute broncho-pneumonia |
| liter | a unit of measure |
| lung | the organ of respiration, located within the thoracic cavity |
| orthopnea | respiratory condition in which breathing is possible on in an erect sitting or standing position |
| oxygen | a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas found in the air; chemical symbol O |
| perfusion | passing of a fluid through spaces |
| pharynx | the throat; that portion of the alimentary canal between the mouth and the esophagus |
| pleura | a serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity |
| pleurisy | inflammation of the pleura |
| pneumonia | inflammation of the lung caused primarily by microbes, chemical irritants, vegetable dust or allergy |
| pneumonoconiosis | a respiratory condition caused by inhalation of dust particles from mining or stonecutting |
| pneumothorax | a collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity that displaces lung dissue |
| pulmonary | concerning or involving the lungs |
| pulmonary edema | the presence of interstitial fluid in the lung tissue |
| pulmonary emboli | a blockage in the pulmonary artery or one of its branches |
| respiratory | pertaining to respiration |
| rhinitis | inflammation of the nasal mucosa |
| septum | a membranous wall dividing two cavities, as within the heart of the nose. |
| sinusitis | inflammation of the sinuses |
| spirometer | an apparatus that measures the volume of inhaled and exhaled air |
| spontaneous | involuntary; produced by itself; unforced |
| sputum | substance ejected from the mouth containing saliva and mucus; usually refers to material coughed up from the bronchi |
| sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) | the sudden, unexplainable death of an infant |
| surfactant | a fatty molecule on the respiratory membranes |
| trachea | a cartilaginous tube between the larynx and the main bronchus of the respiratory tree |
| tracheotomy | a surgically made opening in the trachea through which a person will breathe |
| tuberculosis | an infectious disease caused by the tubercle bacillus; pulmonary tuberculosis is a specific inflammatory disease of the lungs that destroys lung tissue |
| upper respiratory infection (URI) | inflammatory process involving the nose and throat, may include the sinuses; refers to symptoms associated with the common cold |
| ventilation | refers to a diagnostic test to determine air exchange and presence of an embolism |
| vital capacity | the total volume of air exchanged from forced inspiration and forced expiration |
Created by:
MaesterRay
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